Sermon Book: Genesis

  • The Covenants: The Noahic Covenant

    The Covenants: The Noahic Covenant

    About this sermon

    A Morning Instruction class on the Noahic covenant, read across Genesis 6-9. Unlike most covenants, it is made with every living creature and spread across several chapters. God judges a corrupt world by the flood and preserves Noah and his household in the ark, then repeats the commands of creation in a new beginning. The rainbow seals his promise never again to destroy the earth by flood. Common grace preserves the world until the last judgment, and Noah, a preacher of righteousness, points to Christ.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    All right, let’s begin, let’s begin with prayer and then I will actually have some scripture passages for us to read after that. Let’s pray. Most gracious heavenly father, we ask that we would come to understand you and your word as we read and as we study, as we prepare for this time and also as we discuss these issues. We ask that you would bless us, help us to understand the covenant made with Noah and through that to understand Christ and him crucified in all things pertaining to piety and godliness and holiness. In Jesus name we pray, amen.

    All right, what we’re studying today is the Noahic covenant. We are going to study the covenant with Noah. Now, necessary to do this, we’ll need some volunteers to read, or I’ve been told that it’s best to just call on people. Some people are shy. And the person who told me that is not here, so.

    Tell you what, let’s have, to understand the full scope of the Noahic covenant, there are four passages we’re going to read. I hope you’ll not find it daunting, but it’s not like most other covenants in the Bible where it really is in one chapter where we get it all. It’s kind of spread across three or four chapters. So if I may, I might have, David Doyle, read a, read Genesis 6, 17 to 22. Please stop at 22. and drink of the blood of water upon the earth, and destroy all flesh and witches, breath and blood from under heaven. Everything that is on the earth shall perish.

    But I will establish my covenant with you, and you shall enter the ark, you and your sons and your wife, and your sons’ wives with you. And of every living thing of all flesh, you shall bring two of every kind into the ark. To keep them alive with you, they shall be male and female. As for you, take for yourselves some of all food which is edible, and gather it to yourself, and I shall give food to you and to them. Thank you very much.

    So what God comes to Noah to tell him is that, one, I’m going to destroy the earth, and this is what you are supposed to do. And what I want to have in mind for us is that this is what O. Palmer Robertson calls the covenant of preservation. You might think, well, that seems strange. It doesn’t seem to be preserving much. He’s going to destroy the whole earth. He’s going to destroy it with water. Well, he is going to destroy it, but there’s going to, in one sense, be a reset.

    Because before this time, the interplay between the seed of the woman and the serpent has played out so that the whole world has become wicked at that time. Everybody was really, really wicked. It says in Genesis 6, 5 that every thought of the heart of man’s mind was all evil all the time. So God is going to start over.

    That’s what he’s going to do here. God says that’s what he’s going to do. We’re just going to fast forward a little bit past all the things having to do with the ark. And we know that Noah builds an ark. Then he goes into the ark. God destroys the world with a universal flood. And then God starts over. So we’ll go to Genesis 820. Ben, would you be willing to read that? 820. To 22, please. Then Noah built an altar to the Lord, and took some of every clean animal and some of every clean bird, and offered her offerings on the altar.

    And when the Lord smelled the pleasing aroma, the Lord said in his heart, I will never again curse the ground because of man. For the intention of man’s heart is evil, come with you. Neither will I ever again strike down every living creature, as I have done. While the earth remains, seed time and harvest hold the summer and winter day and night chances.

    Thank you for that. So here it is after the flood has happened, and they’ve been let out. They are to sacrifice as a worship to God. They sacrifice, they’re let out, and God makes this promise, and it is a universal promise. Notice that it’s not a promise made to one person, to one nation, anything like that. This is a promise God gives to all of mankind.

    He’s not going to destroy the earth again, qualification with water it’s not going to destroy the earth that way and beautiful words almost poetic seed time and harvests are going to follow one another, summer and winter. So this is what we would understand as a common grace covenant. God is saying that he is going to be kind and gracious to all of mankind, indiscriminate of whether they are in Christ or not, whether they are godly people or not, he’s going to be kind and gracious to all, he is going to preserve the world that he has given. Now, we also then have a passage that is 9, 1 through 7, and I’ll just read that one. It says, and God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.

    The fear of you and the terror of you will be on every beast of the earth and on every bird of the sky. With everything that creeps on the ground and all the fish of the sea into your hand they are given. Every moving thing that is alive shall be food for you. I give all to you as I gave the green plant. Only you shall not eat flesh with its life, that is, its blood. Surely I will require your lifeblood from every beast, and I will require it. And from every man and from every man’s brother, I will require the life of man. Whoever sheds man’s blood by man, his blood shall be shed.

    For in the image of God, he made man. As for you, be fruitful and multiply, populate the earth abundantly and multiply it. So here what God is saying is. that he is giving them all the food that they, all the things on the earth, they’re given for food. And he also gives a death penalty for those who would kill someone else. You may remember just a couple chapters back, there is a man who, it’s in chapter four, who is a really wicked man. His name is Lamech, that is in 4.19. Listen to this, it says, Lamech took to himself two wives.

    The name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other Zelah. Adah gave birth to Jubal, and he was the father of those who dwelt in tents and have livestock. His brother’s name was Jubal. He was the father of all those who play the lyre and the pipe. As for Zelah, she also gave birth to Tubal Cain. The forger of all implements of bronze and iron and the sister of Tubal King was Naamah.

    Then it says this, Lamech said to his wives, Adah and Zillah, listen to my voice, you wives of Lamech. Give heed to my speech, for I have killed a man for wounding me. A boy and a boy for striking me. If Cain is avenged sevenfold, then Lamech 77 fold.

    What part of the corruption of the old earth, the old order of things, thank you. Part of the destruction of the old way before the flood, as some theologians and wordsmiths would call it, the antediluvian world, the pre-deluge world. That world was composed of sin, and we have this poem written by this man who, one, has two wives, which he ought not to have had. We learned that the last couple of weeks when we talked about creation ordinances that God intended for one man and one woman to be together, not two women and one man.

    But also, we have this mocking song that he sings, singing about the fact that he had killed a man. and just thinking, really thinking nothing of it. Well, God in this new world, this new order that Noah finds himself in, he has the institution of a death penalty for only one crime, that being, the crime of murder. Why murder? Probably because murder is defacing the image of God. It’s destroying the image of God. Some people would love to kill God, they’re not able to do so, so rather they’ll kill the image of God in a person.

    So that’s what we have there. And then lastly, for scripture readings, and then we’ll get into a little bit more of what O. Palmer Robertson has to say. John Doyle, would you? Well, I don’t wanna just have all from one family. Linda, are you up for reading? Would you read nine, eight through 17? Sorry to tease you, John. Eight through 17 of chapter nine, please.

    Now behold, I myself am the savage, my covenant with you, and wisdom sendeth after you, and with every living creature that is with you, birds, cattle, and every beast of the earth with you. Of all that comes out of the earth, even of every beast of the earth, I am savage, my covenant with you, and all flesh shall never again be cut off by the water You shall there again be the blood to destroy the earth.

    God said, this is the sign of the covenant which I have made between me and you and everybody that is with you for all successive generations. I set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be the sign of the covenant between me and the earth. It shall come about when I bring a cloud to the earth, but the bow will be seen in the cloud. And I will remember my covenant which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh. And never again shall the water become a flood to destroy all flesh. When the boat is in the cloud, then I will look upon it to remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature and all flesh that is on the earth. And God said to Noah, this is the sign of the covenant which I have established between me and all flesh that is on the earth.

    Thank you very much, Linda. Very good to read that, to see the rainbow. The rainbow is a wonderful thing, not only scientifically, but I hope also you think so. in terms of covenant history. It is a sign. Whenever you see the rain, you ought to look for a rainbow and say, that’s God’s promise that he’s not going to destroy the earth in that way again. Why? Because This is a covenant of preservation.

    A lot of theologians would say, and I think they’re right, they would say that each covenant has its sacraments. Each covenantal administration or covenantal era has its sacraments tethered to it. In the New Covenant, we have baptism and the Lord’s Supper.

    Adam, they had the two trees. Noah, they have the rainbow. So beautiful things for us to consider. Now, I would, we’ll just kind of go through what Opalmer Robertson has to say, just four main points that he has. The first main point that he wants us to see is this. The theme, the dual theme of… My marker seems to be bearing a… I think my pen is beginning to break down. All right, so creation, recreation. That’s what we want to talk about having to do with this covenant.

    The first covenant of creation that we’ve studied in weeks past was God creating the whole world. And interestingly, he says some things to Noah. What does he, or excuse me, to, first in creation, He tells Adam, rather, a couple of different things. First, he says that he is to work, he is to have dominion. We would say that he is to have dominion over the whole earth. Interestingly, Noah is given similar instructions.

    Also, think about the birds and all of the animals. in the time of recreation, that would be the time of Noah, what we would say is that there’s a change of the order of mankind going from one era to another. Some would say one epoch to another, one time frame to another. When Noah closes the Ark door after having preached to the people that judgment is coming, and surely they were mocking him, after he told them and told them, once the Ark door is closed, it is saying goodbye to a whole world order. And when he opens that door up the next time, it’s going to be a new world. It’s going to be a starting, a restart.

    So what Adam was told at creation to have dominion over the animals, we have similar words given to Noah in the time of recreation. Genesis 6 20 of the birds after their kind and of the animals after their kind of Every creeping thing of the ground after its kind two of every kind will come to you and keep them alive That’s before that time uh… that that’s before the flood genesis eight seventeen bring out with you every living thing of the flesh that is with you birds and animals and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth that you may breed uh… that they may breed abundantly on the earth and be fruitful and multiply upon the earth what we want to see is that noah was a covenant head over the world at that time in a similar way that Adam was. Creation, recreation. Two covenant heads over their respective realms, their respective worlds. Genesis 9 1 and God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth We’ve heard this before right be fruitful and multiply and fill the same things that are told To Noah at the time of recreation And then also 9.7, ask for you, be fruitful and multiply, populate the earth abundantly and multiply in it.

    So they’re to subdue the earth. And also, interestingly, it says that the animals are going to be afraid of them. We’re not sure if animals were not afraid of people before. Maybe there was no carnivorous eating before that time. from the point of view of people, that’s certainly a reasonable hypothesis for us to have.

    Do we see similar language, especially present in the Hebrew, but we can very much see it in the English, that we have similar words that are said at times, creation are said to Noah at the time of recreation as Noah is going into a new world. Next point that we want to see is anger. Let’s just put it like this. We have anger, and we’re going to call this We have anger.

    The anger of God is upon all mankind, right? God is angry with sinners every day, we’re told. But in the old order of things, God’s anger was provoked in such a way that he brings down covenant wrath upon the people of that world by bringing the flood. What happens in this new time This new order in which Noah opens the door and enters into is that the anger of God is going to be held and obeyed.

    It’s going to be held back, at least for a long time. Those are things that distinguish these two different types of eras. First, we have wickedness really quickly spreads and God destroys it. And this time, wickedness quickly spreads, but God does not destroy it. Instead, God sends the rainbow to say, I am holding back my wrath.

    And also, we see a family concept going on with anger provoked and held in abeyance. First thing, in the old order, this is the old order, this is the new order. In the old order of things, that anger of God comes down upon the whole covenant family of mankind, except for one small family. And then here, God saves one family and starts over with them.

    So we have anger provoked and anger held in abeyance. So the third point that Opalmer Robertson would put forward to us, and it’s just a small one, is this, is that God deals with families. He says in Genesis 6, 18, but I will establish my covenant with you and you shall enter the ark, you and your sons and your wife and your sons’ wives with you. This might have implications for infant baptism, just a minor point. We wouldn’t want to make our whole argument for infant baptism on the fact that God saved the whole family.

    But there is definitely something that kicks against the individualism of our rugged Americanism. that says, I’m gonna pick myself up by the bootstraps, and I’m going to save myself. There’s a reason that Arminian theology, theology that says that you, in one sense, this is not wholly fair, but you saved yourself. You are going to make baptism about you, and you’re going to say, this is my funeral. I’m saying goodbye. I’m showing what God has done for me, we ought to not have such a focus upon us when we have a baptism. Really, baptism and all the sacraments are far more about God than they are about us.

    But interestingly though, we don’t ever hear that Noah and his three sons were righteous before God. We don’t hear that his three sons’ wives were righteous before God. Seemingly, the covenant head believes God, and we could say that it was accounted to him as righteousness, though the Bible doesn’t say that.

    Certainly, it is the case. He’s not a good man who never sinned, but God was gracious to him, and these ones, we could say that the whole family was a baptized family all at one time. And then lastly, we talk about just the covenant of preservation specifically. We read from Genesis 20, excuse me, Genesis 8, 20 to 22, where we talked about the fact that God has set the order in such a way that seed time and harvest time are going to follow one another and man can count on this. It’s a promise of God that we can depend on. That’s not to say that every time crops are going to be perfect or that locusts aren’t going to get into, or other types of rodents aren’t going to get into the crops and things like that. But God has set the world up in a gracious way that all people are able to benefit from it equally in one sense.

    God understood that cursing the ground is not going to work. Man is wicked before and after the flood. What I said earlier about every thought of mankind was all evil all the time, that’s pre-flood. Someone might want to say, well, that’s pre-flood. That’s before God, if I may say, pushes the reset button. We would say, well, God doesn’t have very many flattering words to say after that time either. He says in 21, the Lord smelled the soothing aroma. This is Noah is offering up a sacrifice to God. God smells the soothing aroma.

    And the Lord said to himself, I will never again curse the ground on account of man. For the intent of man’s heart is evil from his youth. And I will never again destroy every living thing as I have done. Is it interesting to you if you have your Bible open, especially to verse 21 of chapter eight? Here you have a good thing, a good thing, good thing, and then God says, and then something negative, and then good thing, good thing. God is grateful for the aroma, and he’s promising, I’ll never curse the ground on account of man.

    This is good, this is good. And then this negative shot, the intent of man’s heart is evil from his youth. And then he goes back to making promises and showing his grace. So the reason that God is kind to mankind in the new world in the recreation era in which we are still a part of.

    The reason that he’s gracious is not because mankind is better after the fall, or excuse me, after the flood and the entering into the new world. It’s not as if we have at this point mankind 1.0 and then we have mankind 2.0 after the flood. None of that. God understands that cursing the ground is not ultimately going to work.

    He is going to need to send a savior. But why then send the flood? It’s a question that we ought to ponder. If nothing is ultimately gained from going from this one to the other one, I mean, yes, praise God that Noah and his family are safe, but if nothing is ultimately gained, then why do it? Was God just wasting time? Well, certainly not.

    What we would say is that God was typifying the judgment day. He was typifying the new world. We’re gonna come back to that in the closing. But let me just say that the reason that God did that, the reason that God closes one era and opens up another is not for either one of those eras. He does so because of a time yet to come, which is the Judgment Day. When Christ comes, we are going to enter into a new world at that time, similar to what Noah did. Let me just talk really briefly about the concept of the the death penalty, if that has any implications for us in our time at all.

    As we’ve talked about before, I’m not going to fully exercise it for us, but times, let me put this down here. In weeks past, we’ve talked about three kind of superstructure understandings of the Bible, trying to look about the deep structure of what God has. What we have here is the time of Adam, and that’s the time of protology, the Adamic covenant. And this is the time of Christ when we would have the time of eschatology, the time of Adam, the time of Christ, and our whole Old Testament, other than the first three chapters of Genesis, are composed from here to here, right?

    There are those who would take the death penalty that is found throughout a covenantal order that is yet to come in our book, and that would be the covenantal order of Moses during the typological era, during the time of heavenly pictures shown for us in earthly pictures. That’s really what a type is. When we talk about type or typology, let us think about heavenly pictures that are given to us as earthly pictures, or let me just say, earthly pictures that show forth heavenly truths and heavenly realities. There are those who would want to say that we should have a death penalty in the world, in each nation, why? Because of Moses and the Mosaic covenant, the Mosaic legislation, the Mosaic order.

    Anybody want to comment on that? None. OK. I have 170 people who want to comment on that. And that’s the Westminster Divines. I think we just had a hand or two. I’ll come back to you, because I think I saw Mr. Redberry’s hand first. Westminster Divines are better. OK. We should still give a chance. Not that you would be saying that you’re better than Mr. Devine if you comment, but.

    I’m not familiar with what Mr. Devine would say, but I know this is one of my pet peeves against the way the government functions today, is that even in a state where death penalty is illegal, nobody wants to use it. And I think that has disgraced our country, our ancestors, for how smart we were. Certainly, and obviously we wouldn’t want to be bloodthirsty or anything like that. Let me just say, let me just cut through and say there are those who would want us to have a death penalty because of what happens at the time of Moses. That’s their model, right? penalty had to say, or all types of all these crimes. And I think we all be dead, or close to it. We really might not have anyone to throw the stones at the end of it. Listen to this. This is Westminster Confession 19-4.

    And it’s talking about the law of God, and it’s breaking down the three types of law. The moral law, which is the Ten Commandments. And then the ceremonial law, that’s the law that talks about the, like, purity laws and separation laws, one from another, laws having to do with bringing the lamb to the slayer, things that pass away because Christ is the ultimate lamb that those were talking about. But then it also distinguishes a certain type of law, and that law is civil law, civil law.

    So this is what they say. It’s a really brief sentence or so. It says, to them also, that is to Israel, as a body politic, he gave sundry judicial laws, which expired together with the state of that people, not obliging any other now further than the general equity thereof may require. These laws passed away.

    So there are people. good Christian brothers, not thirsty and horrible people, people who are trusting Christ. But what they would say is, because Moses, they had the death penalty for all those things, we, in the time of eschatology, at the time of Christ, we ought to do those things. But the thing is, the church has really never understood, or very few times, we might say, understood the Mosaic laws to be normative for the Christian life, and the Westminster divines, some of the most, I mean, don’t think that a divine is someone who’s saying that they’re divine or anything like that. A divine is just a, it’s an old, it’s a King James way of saying a theologian. So we can say the Puritan theologians of the mid-1600s who were brilliant, I mean, I hope you treasure your Westminster Confession.

    I hope you read it. I mean, it’s like devotional material to many parts of it. These men were not, you know, they weren’t dummies. They read their Greek and Hebrew and Latin backwards and forwards and upside down. One hand tied behind their back. These guys were amazing, but they weren’t just all head. They were heart as well, and I think the Westminster standards bear that out, the heartfelt Christianity that these men had.

    The thing is, I don’t think that we wanna start putting to death for kidnapping and homosexuality and all these kinds of things that the Mosaic time period calls for. But why is it that, well, let me just say that this is a one-time thing for one nation, this is Moses. What we have here at the time of Noah is what we said before, a common grace. common grace given to all people. It’s a common grace covenant of preservation.

    So if a nation is going to have a death penalty or not, that’s up to that nation. John Calvin said any nation should be able to choose its laws, whatever it wants. He actually said that in the Institutes. I can show you. A nation can choose to have the laws that it wants because they’re going to be similar.

    Well, because of God’s common grace. Let me just ask this. Why do you think it would be that God would give the death penalty if it’s a covenant of preservation? Any thoughts? Yes. as a deterrent, yes, against murder. You’re absolutely right. It seems counterintuitive, but a lot of things in God’s words seem counterintuitive. God gives to a common grace heir, that is all people, not a special revelatory grace people, to Israel. He gives them a death penalty, and it’s never really revoked or taken away.

    We know people who have murdered someone and they get a light sentence. And then they go off and they do it again. And then they may do it multiple times. Some famous murderers, ones that we can, we’ve been around, we’ve paid attention to the news. Some horrible people have killed 40 some people, 50 some people.

    Why is it that the death penalty would be given in time of preservation? Because if that person who would be so horrible as to deface the image of God in man, that that person better that their blood is shed by the state rather than going on and being able to do so again. So obviously, I’m not arguing for or against the death penalty.

    We’re talking about ultimately how we ought to parse it out if we’re going to have it, where we ought to look. We ought to look not at the time period of Moses, But if we do, we probably ought to look at the time of Noah. So that is that. If there are any thoughts, we can come back to that because we have a couple of things that are important for us to look at. And that is just simply the typological nature of the time of Noah and the covenant of Noah. As we’ve been saying just recently, here’s this old order. The old order was composed of sin and death, and God brought death upon the people. Let’s just say this is pre-flood, and this is after the time period of the flood.

    Interestingly, these ideas come up in God’s Word once again. Think about what God says in 2 Peter verse 5. We could say Pastor Peter has a burden for the people of God and he wants them to understand their Old Testament. He wants them to understand why they’re being persecuted and why that’s not a bad thing. But he points to the past and he says some very interesting things.

    2 Peter 2.5 he says, And God did not spare the ancient world, but preserved Noah, a preacher of righteousness, with seven others, when he brought a flood upon the world of the ungodly.

    2 Peter 2.5 God did not spare the ancient world, but preserved Noah, a preacher of righteousness. That’s the only time that God ever says, preacher of righteousness. And I just wanna, let’s just meditate upon that just for 20 seconds or so. Think about Noah as a preacher of righteousness.

    Here he is, he’s building this box, basically, this ark. He must have looked like an absolute fool doing that, right? All of these are living for hundreds of years and it’s taking a long time, surely it took a long, long time, but what would you say if next Sunday The week after that, it would raise more. Eventually, I’m way up in the ceiling when I’m preaching, or we have a guest preacher. I have to think of Noah as one who has an ascending pulpit. His pulpit is getting higher and higher as his ark is being built, preaching with his heart, saying, you must understand that wrath is coming. And I’m going to have a lot of animals in here. We’ll make room for you. But they did not do so. Preacher of righteousness. Eventually, he had to close the doors of that ark.

    Second Peter 3.5 says, for when they maintain this, this is at the time of Peter, this would be 2,000 years ago. Peter is referring back to the time of Noah.

    He is saying that these people are mocking the coming of Christ in the same way that those people were mocking the coming of the flood says, for when they maintain this, it escapes their notice that by the word of God, the heavens existed long ago and the earth was formed out of water and by water through which the world at that time was destroyed by being flooded with water. But by his word, the present heavens and earth are being reserved for fire, kept for the day of judgment, and destruction for the ungodly men.

    Sorry, I’m as excited as we are. Read each thing, there’s so much packed into each one. John’s saying, that time passed away, that old era, that old epoch, that old time passes away, But it passed away with water. But the new time, the time in which is yet future for us, God is going to destroy the world. And no rainbow is going to stop it. It’s going to be destroyed by fire, he says.

    He’s using this concept of an old order passing away and entering into a new order in the same way that Noah did that. Old world, new world. We are, in a sense, living in the old world. and we are going to enter into the new world. That’s what he’s saying. Tell you what, we’ve got one minute. Let me just finish, and then we might come at the end.

    Go to 1 Peter 3.18, and I’ll just read this very quickly.

    1 Peter 3.18, if you like. For Christ also died for sins once for all, the just for the unjust, so that he might bring us to God, having them put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit, in which he also went and made proclamation to the spirits now in prison, who once were disobedient, when the impatience of God kept waiting in the days of Noah, during the construction of the ark, in which a few, that is, eight persons, were brought safely through the water, Corresponding to that, baptism now saves you. Not the removal of dirt from the flesh, but an appeal to God for a good conscience through the resurrection of Christ Jesus.

    I will just end briefly just talking about this. In the same way that they went with this box or this ark from the old world to the new, and they were baptized, that is the rain, poured down upon the ark. It didn’t dump the ark. It poured down upon it. They enter into a new world, a new era.

    We who are in Christ, if you ever wanted to do a Bible study, you wouldn’t be able to finish this today, just look up how many times in Christ is found in your Bible. Why? Because we are in Christ. I think clearly what Peter’s doing is he’s picking up on this concept of baptism and of ark They were in the ark, and we are in Christ. And once we are in Christ, the door is shut.

    We don’t ever go back out into that world, and Christ is typologically a picture of Noah taking us from the old world. into the new world, and we are baptized in Christ. Don’t ever let a Roman Catholic tell you that this says that baptism saves you. Corresponding to that, baptism now saves you. The baptism that he’s talking about is not physical water baptism, not the removal of dirt from the flesh, no. The baptism that saves you is the one that is Christ being in him and being baptized in him and with him and entering into the new world.

    And it’s exactly what is going to happen to us. When we die, we go to be with Christ. Christ is taking us to that new world. There’s going to be a day of resurrection and judgment day. And after that, the true Noah is going to take us into that new world and we’re going to… be told to have dominion in a far new way. So it’s all about the closing of one era and the opening of another. That’s exactly where we are headed. This order is closing, it’s passing away, it’s going to be consumed by fire, but we who are baptized into Christ are passing through and we’re going to enter into that new world.

    Yes? I just wanted to make sure that the that we remember that it was the Lord who closed the door in Genesis 7, 16. And I think that’s significant for several reasons. That is significant. But it wasn’t Noah who closed the door against that. God closed them into the, just the way he closes us into the baptism. Amen. Thank you. Let’s pray. We’re just, we’re actually a couple minutes over. Sorry, very sorry for that. Let’s pray.

    Most gracious Heavenly Father, we thank you that Jeevanus Noah brought people into a new time period and into a new world. Jesus Christ, our true Noah, is going to do that for us and is doing that for us. We thank you that we are in him and we are able to reap all the benefits, enjoy all the benefits, but far more and far greater than all the benefits that we have in Christ. We thank you that we have Christ and His love and His care, His compassion and His grace. Empower us to serve Him. In Jesus’ name, amen.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • The Covenants: The Adamic Covenant

    The Covenants: The Adamic Covenant

    About this sermon

    A Morning Instruction class on the Adamic covenant in Genesis 3, part of a study of O. Palmer Robertson’s The Christ of the Covenants. The serpent questions God’s word, and Adam fails to guard the garden and drive out the enemy. God’s curses fall on all three parties, but only the serpent is cursed without blessing; Adam and Eve receive curse and blessing together, because God suspends the final judgment. The promise that the woman’s offspring will crush the serpent’s head points to Christ, who defeats Satan.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    Let’s begin our time of morning instruction by reading a good portion of Genesis chapter 3. I should read the version that you have in front here. Genesis chapter 3. In past weeks, and in weeks to come, we are studying O. Palmer Robertson, Christ of the Covenants. We have some new people here.

    O. Palmer Robertson was a, he’s been a pastor, he was a professor at Westminster in Philadelphia. He’s actually a seminary professor in Uganda. Is that still true? I think it is. I believe it is. I have a look of shock in the back.

    What we’re doing is, studying each and every one of the covenants. In past weeks we’ve looked at each covenant, excuse me, we’ve looked at the covenants broadly speaking, just some attributes that we find in all the covenants and in some of the covenants, but now we’re going to be focusing on one covenant at a time. So today happens to be the Adamic covenant, the original covenant, and after this will be Noah. So let’s read God’s word from Genesis chapter three. I’m gonna get out of the sun’s glare.

    Now the serpent was more crafty than any beast of the field which the Lord had made. And he said to the woman, indeed has God said, you shall not eat from any tree of the garden? The woman said to the serpent, from the fruit of the trees of the garden we may eat. But from the fruit of the tree, which is in the middle of the garden, God has said, you shall not eat from it or touch it, or you will die. The serpent said to the woman, you surely will not die.

    For God knows that in the day you eat from it, your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil. When the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was desirable to make one wise, she took from its fruit and ate, and she gave also to her husband, and her husband with her, and he ate. Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew that they were naked. And they sewed thick leaves together and made themselves loin coverings. They heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden in the wrath of the day. and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God among the trees of the garden. Then the Lord God called to the man and said to him, where are you?

    And he said, I heard the sound of you in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked, and so I hid myself. And he said, “‘Who told you that you were naked? “‘Have you eaten from the tree “‘of which I commanded you not to eat?’ “‘The man said, “‘The woman whom you gave to be with me, “‘she gave me from the tree, and I ate.’ “‘Then the Lord God said to the woman, “‘What is this you have done?’ “‘And the woman said, “‘The serpent deceived me, and I ate.’ The Lord God said to the serpent, because you have done this, cursed are you more than all cattle and more than every beast of the field.

    On your belly you will go, and dust you will eat all the days of your life. And I will put enmity between you and the woman. And between your seed and her seed, he shall bruise you on the head, and you shall bruise him on the heel. To the woman, He said, I will greatly multiply your pain and childbirth, and pain you will bring forth children. Yet your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you.

    Then to Adam he said, because you have listened to the voice of your wife, and have eaten from the tree about which I commanded you, saying, you shall not eat from it. Curse it is the ground because of you, In toil you will eat of it all the days of your life. Both thorns and thistles it shall grow for you, and you will eat the plants of the field. By the sweat of your face you will eat bread till you return to the ground, because from it you were taken, and you are dust, and to dust you shall return.

    Now the man called his wife’s name Eve because she was the mother of all the living. The Lord God made garments of skin for Adam and his wife and clothed them. Then the Lord said, behold, the man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil, and now he might stretch out his hand and take also from the tree of life and eat and live forever.

    Therefore the Lord God sent him out from the garden of Eden to cultivate the ground from which he was taken. So he drove the man out. At the east of the Garden of Eden, he stationed the cherubim and the flaming sword, which turned every direction to guard the way to the tree of life. That ends God’s holy, inspired, inerrant word.

    Let it be blessed to us all. Sure. It is on? OK. Hopefully she can hear us. OK. This is what we want to highlight, some things that we want to talk about this day. Two weeks we’re spending on the Covenant of Adam, also called the Covenant of Works. Now just for purposes of review, just to kind of catch people up because this is Covenant of Works or Covenant of Adam or Covenant of Creation. It has multiple names, a lot of different names that people will use for it. Last week we talked about the fact that we don’t want to be super narrow and only be focusing upon the tree because there was something broader going on with what Adam and Eve had to do. And there were three words that we used to talk about that. Other than not eating the tree, what was their life composed of?

    Anybody? Agriculture or labor. There was work put into the pre-fall era. There was also, what’s that? Marriage. Marriage is not a result of the fall. It is a covenant blessing that God has even in the pre-fall order. And then also, Sabbath. We want to emphasize that in the same sense that Sabbath is built into the pre-fall order. It’s not something that pertains only to the Jewish theocracy, to the Old Testament people. It is something that, it’s a theme that sets the course, or it’s like a thread that runs through all of scripture. We could say that, Christ is our rest, and we talked about that, the way that Jesus is our rest, we talked about the way that the Sabbath is a, a Sabbath remains for the people of God. So this is life, this is life in the pre-fall order.

    Now, What are we to make of Adam? What are we to make of him? Who he was? I’m not asking about his personality, his likes and dislikes, or anything like that. But some theologians of late, and it’s something that has been very much a part of biblical theology, people who will take a theme at one portion of Scripture and trace that theme throughout all of the rest of Scripture, they would say, and I think that they are absolutely right, that Adam was a prophet, a priest, and a king. Ever think of Adam as a prophet, a priest, and a king?

    I mean, when we have been dealing with our our system here that we’ve been going with, where we have the protological, the protological son, this is Adam, he’s the protological son, he’s called the son of God in Luke’s genealogy. He’s a son of God, traces back to God, and then we have this era, which we would call the typological sun.

    This is the time from the fall, which happens right about here, all the way until the time when Jesus comes. And a type is just an earthly picture of a heavenly reality, or an earthly picture of something that is to come later. And what ultimately comes is the time of Christ, And there’s a reason I’m making these shapes here. This, what we have is the This is the eschatological son, and we have his two comings, his coming in humiliation and his coming in exaltation.

    So this is the structure that we have, and we could say this is the structure that we have for God’s word. Now if you are, if someone is a theological liberal, we’ve talked in weeks past, theological liberals don’t really think that the Bible’s They’re perfectly glad to say that God is, the Bible is not literally true when we would say it’s intended to be literally true. What we have then is an era here where we have, it’s composed of prophets, priests, and kings, right? And we have Christ, the ex-catalogical son who is, the eschatological king, the eschatological priest. He is all three, eschaton, and eschaton just means the end, or the finish, or the goal.

    So this is what all of scripture is looking toward. Now, there is nothing wrong with, and we ought to be perfectly willing to let things that happen either in the typological age or in the eschatological age to read those back into the first part, the protological. And I’m sorry for that being so chicken scratchish. We can read back into this era.

    I mean, what is the function of a book? who, not everyone, but they were one who, a priest was one who beholds the face of God. He lives his life, in the Latin, before the face of God. He lives his life. Corum Deo. How is it that Adam begins life? How does Adam begin life? He begins life by God looking to him face to face and breathing life into him. He begins life as a priest. So what then was the job that Adam was to do? He was to work, he was to have marriage, he was to take rest, and notice that these compose what the week was to be made up of, six days of labor, one day of rest, and the same thing that God had done.

    Now, let’s just think about this era, and this spans the time of Moses, Noah, David, Solomon, Jeremiah, everything, this is the time that Christ comes. This is what we call the fullness of time, Galatians 4. A couple of weeks ago, dear Kathy had a really good question.

    Why is it that God says to go in and just wipe out the Canaanites? Really the question is, how is that justified? We would say, a lot of people in our age would say that people have rights and there was no concept of human rights going on there. They were to go and exterminate the Canaanites. And not just the men, the men, the women, the children, even the animals.

    And some of us might look at that and say, That’s just a little bit harsh, right? Sometimes the Bible is offensive, right? Well, that’s good that the Bible is offensive. I remember listening to one theologian, a man who we would have many disagreements with, but this was a man who, for 30 years, read a book a day, six days a week. And he also wrote magazines and books. He was quite remarkable. It does. What does it offend in us? It offends our fleshliness and our sin. So there it is. God says to go in and wipe them out. Now we don’t see any Christians doing that, and that’s right, but Christians ought not to do that. So why is it that they’re able to do so at this time under Joshua? Moses comes. He leads the people for 40 years, and he’s succeeded by Joshua. Joshua is to go in and exterminate all the people.

    Now, some people would look at that and say, well, that didn’t really happen. Well, that could be tempting for us if we’re really offended by it. But that’s really not an option for anyone who takes the Bible seriously. Well, let’s hold on to that just for a minute, and the way that if we read Joshua, the book of Joshua, the way that they were to exterminate the people, to take the land back for God. What I wanna show you is that God cares about many things, but one in particular that’s necessary for us today is that God cares about, what he wants is a holy people and a holy realm. and he wants to have them have a holy leader. What Adam wants to do was to be that holy leader, to have the holy land, or the holy sacred area, the sacred sanctuary, and what he wants to do was to protect that.

    There are times in the typological era, the Old Testament time, when The priests, well, if we read sometimes, when we read these long lists of what goes on, the jobs that are given to different people, in the time of the Old Testament, the priests were to guard the temple. They were to be somewhat as armed guards. I mean, there were many types of guards. made music, they played the psalms to the Lord. There were those who were to compose music, there were those making sacrifices. They had a little bit of land. A lot of people say they had no land. They had just a little bit of land.

    But if anyone unclean comes into the temple, to the sanctuary, what are they to do? They’re to What do you think Adam was supposed to do when the devil comes? He’s supposed to obey God. He’s supposed to cast people or anything that would make this holy sanctuary garden unclean, he’s supposed to cast it out. I would put forward to you that what Joshua does to the Canaanites is what Adam ought to have done to the servant.

    What I’m trying to show you is that holy war, holy war, is built into the pre-fall structure of mankind. We are to have holy war against that which is opposed to God. Now, I’m not saying that we’re going to take up arms at all. If that’s where you’re going with your mind, don’t think that. We’ll get there.

    But he was to defeat the devil. He was to cast him out. He ought to have said, Eve, what are you doing? God said, and he shouldn’t have killed the serpent. He should have put it to death. He probably should have. burned it and made it a sacrifice. And he said, this is sin, this is a holy offering of all that is opposed to you. But he did not. He did not do that.

    We see the same, we see in the land, the geographical land at the time of Abraham, they’re doing what he should have done. Now, As a consequence of him doing that, he falls into sin, and all of the children of Adam and Eve come after that time as sinners. We sin in Adam, the Bible tells us, in any number of places. Now, he failed, but we have to ask ourselves, what would have happened if he had not failed.

    If he had obeyed God concerning labor, marriage, Sabbath, not eating from the tree, we have these two eras here, right? We have protological, typological, and eschatological. This is how it would have looked. It would have just been two eras. It would have been protological and eschatological. He would have entered right into that. He would have brought on the Eschaton, he would have brought on the kingdom. It would have been a glorious end of the age. This is the kingdom that was put forward to him. He fails, and then we have the rest of the story.

    We have what God gives us, the rest of scripture. When I read Genesis 3, 8, some of you might have picked up on something. I changed the words just a little bit. Listen to what Genesis 3, 8 says. It says, they heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day. And the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God among the trees of the garden. It’s very common for our Bible to say, in the cool of the day. It starts at the King James time. I wouldn’t want to let you think that the Bible is not faithfully translated. It is, but sometimes things can be even more faithfully translated. Someone like David Doyle might be able to tell you and show you that there’s no word for cool in there. There’s no word for cool there at all. I can’t find it. Nobody can find the word cool. It just wasn’t there.

    Now some people will look at this kind of nostalgic and to walk in the garden with God in the pool of the day. How great that would be. Well, I don’t think that’s what we ought to think, okay? This is why. We, in this time, and also in this time, typological era, eschatological era, we are looking forward to the judgment day. And the Judgment Day is going to come in holy fire and wrath and thunder and lightning. It is going to be an awesome day.

    Now, I know I use the word awesome, and that’s a word that’s probably overused by some, especially our youth, and I’m guilty of it. Not everything is awesome, right? Not everything. There are only some things that are awesome. God is awesome. God’s glory and his wrath, those are things that are awesome, right? Not everything is awesome. That day is going to be awesome. The old English, they would say, it is awful. It had a good connotation. It was a good thing, but it was, it is going to be awful. We’re going to be amazed by it, right?

    What I want you to see is that they weren’t walking in the cool of the day. Remember, this is the time when they’re afraid. They’re scared to death. The rustling of the leaves is probably making them very scared. There’s no, oh, look how long that is.

    Now, what’s happening is, and the word structure, David Doyle will show this to you, it says, basically, And if we were to trace that kind of same structure, that sentence structure, talking about day, through the rest of our Hebrew Old Testament, what we would find is it’s talking, whenever here they use the same kind of sentence structure or phraseology, they’re talking about judgment day. So what a lot of Reformed people would say, especially ones who have really looked at it and traced it out, would say, this is not the cool of the day and just relaxation and a cool breeze.

    This is holy vengeance and judgment being brought down upon Adam and Eve. God is not saying, where are you? thunderous voice screaming at them. That’s just Judgment Day is coming down upon them. But, God, in his wonderful, matchless grace, decides not to bring Judgment Day upon them. What he decides to do is suspend Judgment Day. And he pushes Judgment Day all the way back to here. That’s what Judgment Day is going to happen.

    And what he does at this point is he institutes something that we would call common grace. We have common grace. What we would say is there are believers in Christ who are going to go to heaven, And there are non-believers who are not going to go to heaven, and the rain falls upon both the same way. It’s indistinguishable. It’s not as if God puts rain clouds to just go over the non-elect, the sinners who don’t believe in Christ, but then God puts sunshine or a cool breeze on those who are in Christ. There’s no concept of that.

    God gives common grace. There are people who, I mean, I go to seminary. I think God’s calling me to be a pastor. There are people who I know who read Greek and Hebrew and get way better grades than I do. I don’t think they’re even believers. Why is that? Because there’s a common grace.

    God will allow for non-believers even to make major contributions to medicine and sciences and history and literature, things that we don’t even think of, it’s actually Things that help us sometimes. Sometimes a Christian believer is operated upon for heart surgery or something by someone who’s not a believer. Sometimes, in this era of common grace, those who are righteous in Christ suffer. We have many difficulties, medical problems may come on us out of nowhere, and then you have someone who is a non-believer, say like a Bertrand Russell, who has 98 years of life. Why is this common grace? God sends it back that way. He pushes it off. All things are normalized, we could say, right? That’s what God is doing in Genesis 3. He’s bringing the judgment day, but then he decides to push it back. This is what some would call the primal Parousia. That is, we believe that Jesus is coming in the parousia. Parousia just means coming. But we would see this as the primal parousia, the primal judgment day.

    But God in his grace sends it back. Now, there are times when it is God’s desire or his choice to bring something from the Judgment Day and bring it upon certain people, right? That’s what we would say about the time My dear Kathy asked in weeks past, why is it that they were to put to death all the Canaanites at that time? We don’t want to say that didn’t happen or it was just a mythology, just a story. What we want to say is that they actually and really did that and it was right for them to do it. It’s often called in our time Canaanite genocide. That’s the Hebrew people committed Canaanite genocide, and it was right for them to do it. Now, if anyone were to commit genocide in our time, no. Wrongo. Epic fail. Do not do it. Very bad.

    But what I want you to see is that for the wicked, because of our DNA, how we’re made, they have an understanding of holy war. Why are Muslims killing, why did Muslims and atheists kill more people and more Christians in the last century than all the 19th centuries before? Why is that? Because they have an understanding built into them of holy war. Now, it’s sinful and wicked and wretched, holy war, but I mean, if you listen to the rhetoric of Hitler, he’s I mean, he was a speaker. He preached about the resurrection of Germany. I mean, all biblical imagery.

    I have a friend who is from Uzbekistan. They used to worship Stalin. Uzbekistan is the former Soviet Union, one of the, it’s its own, Sovereign country now, but it was part of the former Soviet Union. They worshipped Stalin. They worshipped their leaders.

    We are inherently religious, and we are to have holy war. For Satan, excuse me, for Adam, holy war was against the devil. For Joshua, holy war was against anyone within the borders of of Canaan, anyone within the borders of this holy land was to be put out, was to be taken care of. Jesus is in a holy war against Satan. And you are in a holy war against Satan. Not men, Ephesians 6. We wrestle not against flesh and blood. And we are to be good Samaritans, good brothers and sisters to all of the human race. We are to hope for their salvation.

    But what happens with what Cathy asked is, Sometimes this judgment day, God allows to suspend common grace, he suspends it for a short time, and put to death all the Canaanites. Or, sometimes, like what we had, I’ll come back to you, I see your hand. Sometimes, when we read the Psalms, and the Psalms are just full of this praise to God, and it’s glorious and wonderful, but then, We read some things that are not so nice. The psalmist calling to rain down vengeance upon the people. That is something that is made for the holy land and for the holy people. It’s a breaking forth of the judgment day. in time and space upon a few people. I mean, it happens a little bit in our New Testament, just a little bit.

    You know, you look at Ananias and Sapphira in Acts chapter five, people who said that they sold all their property and gave it to the people of God, but they held back just a little, and they weren’t fully committed to the way, the cause of Christ. judgment day in a sense comes upon them. And of course they’re going to, like anyone else, wait for judgment day. And they’ll be resurrected, judged, and sent to hell. Or for people who die, obviously, we’re waiting. to be reunited with our body and our soul. So that’s really what we have going on. It is for redemptive history, people being put to death because they’re polluting the land.

    The land is polluted. Outside of Canaan, there’s no holy land. Nobody in America is making the land dirty. Even homosexuals, they’re not making the North American continent dirty so that the sun doesn’t shine and the clouds don’t give rain and things. This is what was happening. At this time, if they’re having sinful people in the army or in their land and they’re not putting them to death, then plagues happen and locusts and all kinds of bad things. Yes, Kathy. Amen.

    Yes, they didn’t fully do it, though they should have. And here we have fail, ultimately, The prophet, priest, and king was unable to keep the land pure. The prophets, priests, and kings were unable to keep the land fully pure. So because of the failures of the protological sun, failures of the typological sun, and then because of those, the eschatological sun. priest, king, prophet comes, and he has cleansed for himself a holy land.

    And that is what Paul talks about in Galatians 4, that is the Jerusalem that is above that is free. When you look at the end of the book of Revelation, we see that God has purified the sanctuary. See, heaven, the heaven is coming down, as a holy sanctuary, and what’s significant about it, read the last three chapters of Genesis, it says that nothing impure will enter into this city, nothing.

    It’s not even gonna get past the first steps, nothing. The revelation at the end says outside are the dogs, outside are the sinners, outside are those who are outside of Christ. But inside, there are those who are in Christ. So you’re absolutely right.

    They weren’t able to fully defeat the enemy. The main reason I talk about Joshua is to highlight what Adam ought to have done. So that is kind of the structure of biblical history, what would have been the case, and what was the case. We would say, and we ought to say, that we continue in this war against Satan. But it’s not taking up arms, not taking up guns and swords and bazookas or anything like that against people. We are to pray for those who persecute us. We continue with a holy war. And that is what Ephesians 6 tells us. Why is it that Paul uses the imagery that he does in Ephesians chapter 6? What’s the imagery? Put on the full armor of God. You are continuing in a holy war.

    Romans 8 talks about the fact that it is our job to put to death the sins of the flesh. There’s a man named John Owen, he wrote a book, a whole book, all on one verse from Romans 8 talking about putting to death the sins of the flesh. And so, we continue in that holy war, but we just have the specifics then of what God says to Adam after he suspends the judgment day and after he curses Adam and Eve and the serpent, or Satan.

    There are many people who would want to tell us that this is all a myth. the idea of a talking serpent. It’s all something that was made up. Back in the olden days, in ancient times, people didn’t have science like they have now. Science has told us. Don’t let anyone ever tell you, science has told us. Science has its own problems when we study the philosophy of science. I mean, I’m not anti-science, but We have to take it with a grain of salt and ask, how did you come to those conclusions?

    There are those who would want us to say, to think that in a pre-scientific age, people were scared of the lightning, they were scared of snakes, so they would ask themselves, how is it that the snake slithers. Why is it that it does that? And they’d say, well, let’s talk about a story that’s been handed down for generations called the Garden of Eden.

    This is common even among liberal seminaries and it sometimes encroaches upon conservative seminaries as well. Some of us know, well, our denominational history comes out of people who were denying that the Bible really meant what it said. We believe that Satan was a real, is a real being and he, there really was a talking serpent. And what we see in verses 14 and 15 is the enmity that is brought between the two.

    The Lord God said to the serpent, because you have done this, cursed are you above all livestock and above all beasts of the field. On your belly you shall go and dust and dust you shall eat in all the days of your life. I will put enmity between you and the woman and between your offspring and her offspring. He shall bruise your head and you shall bruise his heel. There is enmity between the two.

    Now, it’s very clear from the Hebrew, it’s even more clear from a translation of the Hebrew called the Septuagint, which is the Greek translation that this is talking about a person. A person is going to come who is going to bruise the head of the serpent and the serpent is going to bruise the heel of this son. What we are seeing is not some myth from the ancient world, Babylonian myths that have been hijacked by the Hebrews, as many people would say. What we are seeing is the continuation, in one sense, but in another sense, the beginning of a cosmic fight and a cosmic war between good and evil, of which God is fully in control of. Who are the seeds of the serpent? Is it all snakes? There are those who would have us think that it’s all snakes. Who knows the story of St. Patrick of Ireland? What did St. Patrick do? Chased all the snakes out of Ireland, right? Okay, snakes aren’t in and of themselves more evil or wicked than any other beast.

    I mean, Jesus Christ is willing to have a picture of himself in this time put on staff and held up, and anyone who looks upon that serpent is saved. And Jesus refers to that in John chapter 3. So it’s not that snakes are in and of themselves wicked, but we would say that especially that one was, and he was commanded, cursed to crawl upon the ground. The idea of crushing and bruising, this is something that goes through God’s word, it’s like a thread that we can trace throughout.

    One of the places that we see that Opalma Robertson talks about is, he talks about the fact that in Joshua 10, Joshua 10, there are five kings that all get together, and these five kings desire to to fight against the people of God. And in the fight against the people of God for these five kings, what happens is they lose and they’re all chased into a cave basically. And the holy people of God pull them out and they are to step on them. They are to step on their necks, these five kings.

    And in Joshua 10, 22 to 25, it says, for thus shall the Lord do to all your enemies against whom you fight. God is saying, in the same way that I’m crushing the heads or the necks of those who are wicked, I’m going to ultimately do that. all of his enemies. The same thing we have in Psalm 110 verse 6. That psalm that is an exaltation psalm about Christ and his kingship and his session at the right hand of God. Him sitting there ruling and reigning. What he does is, there’s the idea of him smashing the head.

    But For our age, for the time between the first and second coming of Christ, we don’t wage holy war against physical people, because we know that Jesus has won the holy war against Satan himself. As in Colossians 2, 14 and 15 says that he despoiled the principalities and powers. and he made a public spectacle of them openly.

    What it is telling us is that Jesus embarrassed Satan and the demons at the cross. It’s not something that we should shrink back from or something that we ought to to be ashamed of at all. The cross is something that is glorious because it is ultimately for the defeat of Satan, the first defeat coming at the humiliation of Christ, and the last defeat of Satan coming at the exaltation and the coming of Christ.

    So, Satan is cursed, the devil is cursed, that particular serpent, not making all serpents evil or wicked. We also have the cursing of the woman and the cursing of the man. But there is blessing first. Notice that in these cursings of all three parties, Satan is not blessed at all. He’s cursed only. Adam and Eve are both cursed and blessed. Cursed, but blessed. Blessed because God is suspending the judgment day. He says about the cursing of, well, the blessing of the woman that she will have fruitfulness in the domestic setting. And also that the woman is part of the redemptive role is given to womankind.

    It is not as if woman or women or womankind is something that is subservient totally. I mean, there’s a difference between us. There’s a division of labor, but one is not more significant than the other. In terms of how we are to live our lives, one is to be the leader. Certainly, we wouldn’t dispute that.

    But in terms of their qualities, of who they are before the face of God, we are equal, especially we see that in Galatians 2.28.

    So they are Woman is blessed with having fruitfulness in the domestic setting and also having a part in the cosmic conflict. But she is cursed as well by having many pains and sorrows in childbirth. He says that your desire will be for your husband. Now this could have a good connotation. Your desire will be for your husband. It doesn’t sound all bad, but There might be something more to it. This is the temptation of woman can be to control, to possess, to dominate her husband.

    That’s probably what it really is saying, because when we read in a couple of chapters later, actually just one chapter later about Cain and Abel, we have Cain, when he is being cursed, He is told that sin crouches at the door, and unto you shall be its desire, but you shall rule over it. The same way that Cain is to try to rule over sin and to dominate it and defeat it, the same word is used. But ultimately the husband shall rule as a consequence of the fall.

    And there is a curse. Part of the curse is a marital imbalance. Sometimes there can be a struggle for power. Sometimes that struggle is far more prevalent in one marriage than another. We have to understand these things so that we can keep these desires, these sinful desires at bay with the help of God.

    To the man, briefly, as we have just a few more moments, and then we’ll have any questions if we have any, if we need. To the man, he is blessed. How is he blessed? because he will eat bread. Obviously the woman will eat bread too, but the man is blessed because of the substance of the earth. God is going to provide for mankind. He’s not bringing judgment today. He’s giving mankind the ability to continue to eat from the land. That’s what he would have done, or that’s what he did do for who knows how long in the Garden of Eden. He continues to do so by God’s grace. And then also the curse is that you’re going to eat by the sweat of your face. You’re going to eat bread.

    Labor is not a curse. I know some people who are glad to talk about labor, work, being It’s a bad thing. I just wish we hadn’t had to have work. And some guys, I’ve even heard say, if Eve hadn’t eaten that apple, we wouldn’t have to work. Well, no. You had to work in the pre-fall time, and it was a blessing. It is a blessing to work in all time. There are curses that accompany it here, but it is a blessing to do so. And don’t be surprised if we go to heaven, to new heaven and new earth, and we have work to do. It’ll be a blessing we won’t have the thorns and the thistles that we have at our time.

    But also I would put forward to you, lastly and briefly, just glorious things said at the very end At 324, he drove out the man at the east of the garden of Eden. He placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life. So God casts them out, and who is guarding the garden? An angel. Cherubim. And what do they have? A flaming sword.

    You can’t get into that garden in order to partake of the tree that would give eternal life. You can’t do that. Nobody can do it. Because if Adam and Eve had said, no, I’m gonna try it again, and I’m gonna pick myself up by the bootstraps, I’m going in, he would be sliced to ribbons by the flaming sword. He can’t do it.

    How is anyone going to get into that or into a holy sanctuary, any kind of holy sanctuary, how is he going to do it and still be able to live? How is anyone going to enter into that? Well, we have before us, I think, very clearly the fact that the next person, in fact, the only person who can get in and enter into the holy place, into the sanctuary, and partake of the tree, that gives eternal life to his posterity, only one can do that, and that’s Christ himself. The next one who would enter into a holy sanctuary and be able to give us that which was necessary for us to have eternal life had to die himself.

    Jesus died. so that we could have eternal life, so that we could eat of that tree of life. And that’s exactly what we do, Jesus having Christ and being in Christ. The idea of a tree at the end of the earth, at the end of time, is picked up right at the end of Revelation in 22, where the tree appears again. Through Christ, we all are able to partake of that tree. And that is the gift that God gives us, not giving, not bringing judgment upon us, but allowing us to live.

    Hebrews 2.8 says, At present, we do not see everything in subjection to him. We don’t see everything in subjection to him. Everything is. But on that day, when Christ comes back, we will see everything. in subjection to Him, and we will sing praise to God for what He has done.

    The Lamb who died and rose again, that we might have eternal life. He undergoes the wrath of God for you and me. Any thoughts as we end? It’s 1042, and if anyone has a quick question, Okay, come and see me after if you do, and we’ve got about 18 minutes before we assemble again to worship. Let’s pray. Most gracious Heavenly Father, we thank you for the intricacies and the power and the glory of your word.

    We thank you that it is so simple that we can pick it up and understand it the first time we read it. And sometimes we don’t understand it the first time. We ask that if you would give us the ability to continue in it if we do not understand. Help us to be Bible readers and to understand what you give to us in it.

    Thank you for the amazing ways that you have revealed yourself. What an encouragement it is. to see the flow of redemptive history and what an encouragement it is to be in Christ and to have Christ in us, which is the hope of glory. Amen. Thank you everyone.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • Abraham’s Faith in the Dark

    Abraham’s Faith in the Dark

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of the “Habakkuk” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, May 21, 1995.

    About this sermon

    Abraham’s own background matters here, a night vision in which God counts his faith as righteousness before any law existed to demand it. That faith is already real and not yet complete, the same tension running through the whole covenant. Faith leads to affliction before it leads to inheritance, the smoking pot passing through darkness in verse 17 no accident.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    This morning we are reading from Genesis chapter 15. Genesis chapter 15. And I will say something as well about this reading. I am looking at this chapter because of its sixth verse. which bears particularly upon our sermons in Habakkuk. You might recall Habakkuk 2.4, the passage that I quoted this morning as we began our service.

    So we are turning to Genesis 15 because of the relationship of this passage to Habakkuk 2.4, even though in the course of the sermon we will not be making direct reference to Habakkuk There is something else I want to say at the beginning. This sermon will move through the entirety of this chapter, and it behooves you to pay attention, because I’m not always going to be mentioning the verse that I’m commenting on. So listen carefully and follow carefully as I read and as I preach.

    After these things, the word of the Lord came to Abram in a vision, saying, Do not fear, Abram. I am a shield to you. Your reward shall be very great. And Abram said, O Lord God, what wilt thou give me, since I am childless, and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus? And Abram said, Since thou hast given no offspring to me, one born in my house is my heir.

    Then, behold, the word of the Lord came to him, saying, This man will not be your heir, but one who shall come forth from your own body, he shall be your heir.” And he took him outside and said, Now look toward the heavens, and count the stars, if you are able to count them. And he said to him, So shall your descendants be. Then he believed in the Lord, and he reckoned it to him as righteousness. And he said to him, I am the Lord who brought you out of Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess it. And he said, O Lord God, how may I know that I shall possess it?

    So he said to him, bring me a three-year-old heifer and a three-year-old female goat. and a three-year-old ram, and a turtle-dog, and a young pigeon. Then he brought all these to him, and cut them in two, and laid each half opposite the other, but he did not cut the birds. And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away. Now when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram, and behold, terror and great darkness fell upon him. And God said to Abram, Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not theirs, where they will be enslaved and oppressed four hundred years.

    But I will also judge the nation whom they will serve, and afterward they will come out with many possessions. And as for you, you shall go to your fathers in peace, you shall be buried at a good old age. Then in the fourth generation they shall return here, for the iniquity of the Amorite is not yet complete.” And it came about, when the sun had set, that it was very dark. And behold, there appeared a smoking oven and a flaming torch which passed between these pieces.

    On that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram, saying, To your descendants I have given this land, from the river of Egypt as far as the great river, the river Euphrates, the Kenite, and the Kenozite, and the Kadmonite, and the Hittite, and the Perizite, and the Rephiene, and the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Gergesite, and the Jebusite.

    Father, train us to prepare our souls for your word, even day by day as we rehearse your word and build upon those things that we have learned in corporate assembly with your people. May we not despise your word by not then giving our full attention to it. But rather, our Father, may you have our full attention as you speak to us. May it please you, our God, to strengthen your own, that your church might be preserved and preserved well as she is nourished by the Word. We pray this in Jesus’ name, Amen.

    After Abram, we turned to Canaan. Having defeated the five kings from the east at Hobab, and having rescued his captured nephew Lot, having paid his tithe to Melchizedek, the king of Salem, and refused the riches of the king of Sodom, All of this presented to us in the fourteenth chapter of Genesis. After Abram returned to Canaan, he dwelt again at Hebron. Abram was a shepherd king.

    He owned no land in the territory of Canaan. He was a wanderer, a sojourner, an alien. He was nomadic in his lifestyle. And yet he was a great man in the country. Wealthy. accepted, sometimes grudgingly, honored, powerful, and now, in the aftermath of the events that took place in Chapter 14, feared, because he was fierce in battle. Abram, it seems, should be a settled and a secure man. And possibly, from what his neighbors can tell, he is just that—a settled and secure man, a man at peace, surely with himself and with the world around him.

    And that despite the fact that he lacks establishment in the land—he owns no property. Here, then, should be a man untroubled, calm, serene, that he who knows the heart, he who does not look upon the outward appearance only, but sees that which is unseen. He who knows the heart best sees the troubled and trembling soul inside the man. He who knows the heart best feels the aching discontent, unperceived by others.

    Abram, bold before men, even now it is proved a brave warrior. This man is shaken in life, and maybe that particularly after his conquest, after his victory. Knowing the elation of triumph, he now realizes that there is that within his soul that tends towards vanity and pride. Being at the height, why not think? it all emanates from within. Or having achieved the height, sensing an emptiness, a hollowness, as if one has not reached the end, the completion, as yet. bold before men, even a brave warrior shaken in and by life, unnerved by its continual questions—questions about meaning and such things as permanence, progeny, and the propriety of claims to righteousness.

    And that night, telling us more than the fact that the sun had gone down, in the night the Lord comes. The Lord comes with the stars of heaven. He comes in a vision. And that vision is for the purpose of ministering to this man. The Lord’s word bringing comfort, even good news, to this beloved, chosen, old, but troubled man.

    Don’t be afraid, Abram, says the Lord. Don’t be afraid. I am your protection, and I myself am your very great reward. You may have turned your back upon the wealth of Sodom as the king of Sodom offered that to you as your reward. Think nothing of it. In turning your back upon that reward, you have turned your back upon the King of Sodom himself, and even insulted him. Had you taken the reward from his hand, that would have meant that he would have been your protector. Some protector, the King of Sodom. At the same time, it leaves you somewhat unprotected out in the countryside where you live. But the Lord says to Abraham, don’t be afraid, I am your protection, I am your very great reward. In response, Abraham asks for a token of the Lord’s intention toward him.

    As of yet, he has no child. He has longed for a child, but there is no child. His servant, Eliezer of Damascus, is the heir in his household. It seems as if the earlier promises made to Abram have fallen to the ground. They remain unfulfilled. The Lord now tells Abram, not a liaison, not your servant, but a child generated from your own body. This one shall be your heir. Then the Lord takes Abram outside. And he tells Abram to look up, to look to the heavens.

    Indeed, look to the regions from whence your help will come. From beyond this world your help will come. It will come from a country and a city far better than the ones that you had left behind. It will come from a country, from a city, far better than those that are offered to you presently where you are dwelling. Now look to the heavens, Abram, and count the stars, if you can. Your children will be as many, and as the stars in the heavens, so shall your children be. They shall be heavenly children, supernaturally born, who belong to the heavens.

    Undoubtedly, this old man was overwhelmed by what was transpiring, by what he was seeing and by what he was hearing. The vision of God, God’s words, serving as their own seal of all Abram hoped for in his soul. Surely, in that moment, Abram was overcome by things too wonderful for him, far beyond what he could take in, for it was as if eternity itself had overtaken time, and the things that he could not see had overtaken the things that he could, beyond the bewildering beauty of the night sky. Abraham perceived the end of things he saw even more distant than the end of heaven. He was seeing into the regions of God and beyond the ends of this world and the history of this planet. He was looking into a vast eternity, and there beholding a vast people in a heavenly dwelling, assembled by the Word and the power of God, miraculously brought to life in a child of promise. In this circumstance, it was as if the earth itself melted, its elements dissolved, dropped away, and the sky split open like a scroll split.

    And Abram’s heart beat with the assurance of things hoped for and the evidence of things not seen. He grasped hold of his great reward, God Himself. Yes, beyond the promise of land, beyond the promise even of earthly children, that which would satisfy his deepest longings, grasping hold of God Himself.

    That’s what faith does. But now believing, Abram speaks, and speaks so as to set his seal on what has transpired, what has been revealed to him. But you will note in the text, Genesis 15, 6, that the spoken word of Abram is not obvious. It’s not on the surface of things. The text says that Abram believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness.

    But before the Lord, under the stars of heaven, they all being representative of his children in mass, and before that unique and precious child promise, the seed of promise, Abram breathed out his faith, and that is what is being stated in Genesis 15.6.

    The text says that Abram believed God, but you must understand that the Hebrew word behind that word believed is the one from which the word Amen comes. Abram therefore breathed out his faith, he spoke it, he articulated it. By saying amen in solemn confession, a pledge of his own life is very full in absolute trust of the one who had made promise. In this scene, Abram confessed with his mouth. is faith that centers upon ultimate things, the far distant things that God would do, the things which we know are finally mediated unto us through Abram’s promised seed, our Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ. Such faith as Abram expressed is the means by which God is pleased to communicate His righteousness.

    This righteousness comes from God on the basis of faith, and that as God communicates Himself. If faith is laying hold of God, if it is having God as a possession, than in having God, you have his righteousness. Faith is the means by which God communicates his righteousness. This righteousness comes from God on the basis of faith, as God communicates himself to us. You get God, you get his righteousness. And faith is the only way.

    It is as if God had already then taken Abram behind the canvas of the heavens, past the mere physical stars, there to possess God himself. and to see all the host of those who belong to the family of faith made even more real than the stars in the heavens, those who would in fact believe even as Abram believes. You hear the Apostle Paul then in Galatians chapter 3, who states to us emphatically, it is those who are of faith that are the children of Abraham. It is the far reach of faith, then, that Abraham now knows. He had believed before, but now he really believes. It is the far reach of faith that Abram now knows.

    He moves past the galaxies, beyond the dimensions of this universe, past what his eyes can take in, his comprehension can understand. By faith he has touched the ends of the earth. By faith he has touched the end of the world, the consummation of the world. By faith he has touched the substance of glory, he has touched the very face of God. What do you do with that prospect, friends? Do you understand that if you are confessing faith, with that faith you are saying that you are touching the face of God, that you have come into possession of Him?

    I can tell you that Abram’s troubled and trembling soul was calmed. His discontent quieted. It fell away. Having been justified by faith, he has peace with God, and there is therefore now no condemnation for Abram. He is even by his faith taken beyond the judgment.

    But it is precisely in this situation, with Abram grasping hold of eternity, the astronomies and far reaches of the plan and purpose of God, Abram grasping even God’s person in consummate perfection. It is particularly in this situation that the Lord once again addresses this man. For you see, it is as yet a long way to go. Seeing the end, and even touching the end, Abram is not yet at the end.

    There will be then of necessity a life for the justified Abram to live. There will be of necessity a testing for Abram and for this faith that has come to him. But you must remember, and this a comfort to the man, that it is faith that is tested. The man is in possession of faith. such faith as we have already seen, that lays hold of glory.

    But Abram will not face the not yet of his existence in life without the already of God’s precious and gracious provision, and I might add, neither will any of his children who are of faith. Now, in Abram’s instance here, in the particulars of the situation in which he finds himself, the not yet consists in his not yet possessing the land through and for his posterity, that land which the Lord had promised him. But understand now that the physical land of which the Lord speaks will be the medium through which we see Abram reaching out for that which his faith knows he shall surely possess in glory. Not an earthly land, but a heavenly.

    It is in this circumstance that Abram again asks the Lord for a token, a token of his promise, O Lord God, how shall I know that I shall possess the land, or, beyond that land, the glory itself? In the first encounter, Abram pledged himself with his Amen. In the second encounter, the Lord’s pledge will be center stage.

    The Lord now calls for beasts and birds to be slain, with the beasts cut in two, and then the animal parts with the birds set over against one another. Listen and understand what’s going on in the text. That first encounter with Abram, when Abram believes It all seems so sublime and simple, but now it seems as if the text is being cluttered up by savage rites, bloodletting. It’s all becoming ugly and nasty. But it is in this sacrificial blood rite that the greatness of God’s own pledge and the costliness to Him of that pledge will be perceived. You must hear. and understand.

    We are told that Abram goes out and chases away the birds of prey. These birds elsewhere in Scripture are signs of God’s curse. Remember the number of times that the Scriptures speak about the birds of prey coming to feast upon the bodies of God’s enemies? That image is carried on throughout the entirety of God’s revelation, even into the book of Revelation. These birds, then, are signs of God’s curse that alights upon and devours those who break covenant and fail to keep watch.

    This means that Abram’s life during the not-yet-of-his-existence as he moves toward glory, will be one of watchfulness, in which he must be continually on the alert, lest the curse of the covenant overtake him and he be devoured. But the not yet of Abram’s life will also be a time, despite the firm grip that Abram has on the already of his faith, that sees from time to time the daylight dissipate, that sees a death-like sleep threaten and even overtake the people of God, that sees the terrors of darkest affliction fall upon them.

    The Lord promises such things. He promises the dissipation of daylight. He promises the death-like sleep. He promises the terrors of deepest affliction. He promises all of these dire realities, and they come to us, and we are intended to meet them with the grace of God’s blessing and the faith that He has given us. If you’ve lost track, I’m up to verse 12.

    Such death-like sleep that overtakes Abram, such terrors of darkest affliction, are those now that are most immediately promised by God to Abram in his promised descendants. For these descendants will become enslaved and oppressed according to the word of the Lord, and that for four hundred years, an obvious reference to the bondage in Egypt. But as the chapter ends, you see Those that were asleep and even in the clutches of death are awakened and made alive. They are set at liberty and they triumph, and they triumph for the purpose of inheriting the promise that had been given to them in the inheritance laid out before them by God. They shall inherit what God had promised.

    We are here dealing with patterns, you see. It’s not the land that is important, it is the pattern. you are moving from faith through affliction to inheritance. That’s the pattern. That’s the pattern of your life. If you don’t like it, you have no place in the household of faith. If you don’t understand it, you don’t have the faith of Abram, and you are not saved. The promised descendants then will awake, they will come to life from affliction, be brought into newness of life, be set at liberty, they will triumph, and they will inherit the promise. But notice now, in conclusion, that this is not their own doing.

    God so pledges Himself to the realization of this goal for Abram and for Abram’s children, that God Himself enters the darkness. By faith, Abram latches hold of God and possesses Him, but God in covenant now latches hold of Abram and all that Abram experiences and knows.

    God himself will enter the darkness. How is it plain from the text that God has entered the darkness? I have in mind that enigmatic passage, verse 17 of this fifteenth chapter, and it came about when the sun had set that it was very dark. And behold, there appeared a smoking oven and a flaming torch which passed between these pieces, the pieces of the slaughtered animals. Where is God in the text? Where is God in verse 17?

    He is the flaming torch passing between the pieces, who is joined now to the smoking oven. What is the smoking oven? It’s the furnace of affliction, a symbol of the experience of the people of God. And God is telling Abram, and all his descendants, that he will be present with them in the furnace of affliction.

    The Lord, therefore, by means of this covenant, pledges himself to always be present with He is present in their ordeal, He is present in their trial, such is His love for them. He is present with them every step of their journey as they make their way towards glory and the possession of the great inheritance that is theirs. The one to whom they press is the one by and with whom they press. The one not yet possessed is the one already possessed, and that’s specifically an affliction He of His grace having come to them, to sustain them in their journey, regardless of how arduous, how difficult, how horrifying and terrifying to the soul. But there’s more.

    In the 17th verse, so wonderful is God’s grace and love, that he passes through in the image of the flaming torch, he passes through the parted sacrifices, the separated sacrifices, and by that action he states, may I be so slaughtered, may I be so severed and mutilated if I fail to deliver you and to give you the fullness of your inheritance.

    But even more, since it is apparent that Abram is a sinner, and all who are the children of faith are sinners, that he and us fail to make perfect our walk and our sojourn in the covenant, this then making us liable to execution And in this covenant arrangement, as there is this passing through the parted animals, the sentence of death comes upon us if we fail to keep our end of the bargain. The partitioning of the animals to which God subjects himself is a partitioning that touches us. For if we fail, we are subjected the same way to the penalties and the sanctions of the covenant. Do you see what has happened? God, rich in love and abundant in mercy, will take the punishment we deserve, the severing, mutilation and death that we deserve. and he himself will satisfy the demands of his covenant in the death of his son.

    In him we are preserved in this journey. By him we are awakened. Through him we are set at liberty. We triumph only because of him, and we are brought to our internal inheritance through him, by him, and in him, and that despite every affliction through which we may have to go.

    That, my dear friends, is the message of Genesis 15. Your whole life is in this chapter. Read it, and understand. stand amazed, and would with Abram marvel at the greatness of your covenant and the certainty of your promises. We also marvel as to how we can ferret out the gospel and its patterns in a chapter like this one we have read and spoken about.

    But Lord, as we by faith have now laid hold of you, may we rejoice that you so love us that you have taken to yourself the very curse of the covenant into which we have entered, that we might be spared and enjoy the prosperity of our God and the blessings of eternity. Forgive our sins and our ingratitude. And Lord, also, as we make our way toward glory, may we not forget that we have in us glory already in that we have you, and that it is by you that we make our progress to the full possession of our inheritance above. May we persevere and endure to the end.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • The Spirit Hovering Over the Deep

    The Spirit Hovering Over the Deep

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of “The Holy Spirit” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, January 22, 1995.

    About this sermon

    Genesis 1:2’s formless, empty darkness is not left to resolve itself; the Spirit’s hovering is what brings a higher order out of it. Three distinct meanings of that single word ‘hovering’ are drawn out. Creation’s original shapelessness needs the same Spirit the rest of the series will keep tracing forward.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    Tonight we are reading from Genesis chapter 1, Genesis 1, beginning at verse 1. Hear the word of God. In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. And the earth was formless and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep, and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters.

    And God said, Let there be light, and there was light. And God saw that the light was good, and God separated the light from the darkness. And God called the light day, and the darkness he called night. And there was evening, and there was morning one day.

    Then God said, let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters and let it separate the waters from the waters. God made the expanse and separated the waters which were below the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse. And it was so. God called the expanse heaven.

    And there was evening and there was morning the second day. Then God said, Let the waters below the heavens be gathered into one place, and let the dry land appear. And it was so. God called the dry land earth, and the gathering of the waters he called seed.

    And God saw that it was good. Then God said, Let the earth sprout vegetation, plants yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit after their kind, with seed in them on the earth. And it was so. And the earth brought forth vegetation, plants yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit with seed in them after their kind. And God saw that it was good. And there was evening, and there was morning a third day.

    Our Father, you order things by your word, and even by your word you establish for yourself those within your creation who are set for the ordering of the affairs of your people. By your word, then, officers are established, and by your word, officers must teach and rule and serve. We rejoice, O God, that you have filled us, the assembly of your Church, with officers of your choice. We pray, our God, that such officers as you have given to this Church will be diligent, thus giving expression to the spirit ordering of things within this household of God. O Father, be pleased to strengthen us, your Church, even as you grant us those who do us good in their oversight and in their service on our behalf, even as the Lord Jesus Christ is seen in such rule and in such service. We pray this in Christ’s name. Amen.

    As we look at the Old Testament and the doctrine of the Holy Spirit, there are many passages that would catch our eye. Some of these bear upon the New Testament in a most direct fashion, and we will be taking them up in the course of time when we deal with the New Testament more specifically. But before we go to the New Testament and even carry with us some of those Old Testament texts that pertain to the Spirit into our consideration of the New Testament, I want to give attention to two Old Testament texts, specifically Genesis 1-2 and also Zechariah 4-6. Now the King James rendering of Genesis 1-2 is quite familiar to us all.

    I read for you tonight the New American Standard version of that text. But you may want to hear that familiar reading of it one more time. And the earth was without form, and void and darkness was upon the face of the deep, and the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the water. As to the text in Zechariah, Again, chapter 4, verse 6, although not as familiar to us as that Genesis 1 verse, it is familiar enough. It reads, Then he answered, and spake, This is the word of the Lord unto Zerubbabel, saying, Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit, saith the Lord of hosts. So these two texts.

    Now, the obvious advantage of limiting ourselves to these passages is that it sets before us a manageable project. That is, instead of looking at all the Old Testament texts that concentrate upon the Holy Spirit, we will be focused on these two. There are other advantages. Another advantage is that we have one text from the beginning of God’s Old Testament revelation, and we have another near to the conclusion of that Old Testament revelation. We have one text from a narrative portion of the Old Testament. We have another from a prophetic section of the Old Testament.

    So it is that there is a bit of comprehensiveness even as we deal with these two texts. We hope, therefore, that in these verses we might have the prospect of observing something of that sweep of Old Testament revelation with respect to the person of the Holy Spirit. My purpose also is to provide some concrete exposition of texts to go along with the quick survey of materials that I offered to you last Sunday evening. For tonight, we will be looking, then, at Genesis 1, verse 2, and what this verse has to say about the Spirit of God.

    First of all, as we look at this text, we notice that the Spirit stands in contrast to the present state of the creation. The spirit stands in contrast to the present state of the creation. Over against the formlessness and the void, over against the darkness, over against even that darkness as it is upon the face of the waters, as it also is expressive of the formlessness and the void, over against all of this is The Spirit.

    The Spirit of God. Now, our initial reaction to the introduction of the Spirit at this point is that the Spirit comes for the purpose, then, of resolving the creation’s present state. The Spirit comes. The Spirit appears. for the express purpose of resolving the creation’s present condition.

    That is, then, that the Spirit makes His appearance, He comes on to the creation for the purpose of resolving the formlessness, resolving the emptiness, resolving the darkness that characterizes the creation at this point. Now this, our initial reaction as we move into the text, is quite correct. But we need to ask ourselves just what is this formlessness, this emptiness, this darkness of which this text speaks. We need to ask ourselves specifically what is in view as these matters are put in front of us so that we might understand better the significance of the Spirit’s appearance, His work, and even His person in relationship to this creation. Think then of the formlessness that is mentioned here in this verse.

    We have been told that God has created the heavens and the earth, but then in the next verse we are told that this creation is characterized by a formless mass. Well, how is it that God creates the heavens and the earth, and the next thing we’re told is that formlessness characterizes what God has made? Does this mean, then, that what God has made is shapeless? It has no form? Even if it were a blob, it would have dimension, would it not? Obviously, then, for the earth to be formed, it has to have shape and dimension. In what sense, then, can the earth be formless?

    Well, the formlessness that the Word of God has in view at this point is to be understood in the sense of a wilderness. It is to be understood in the sense of a barren wasteland, thus formless in that sense, because it lies as a wild, chaotic wasteland, that before the advent of the Spirit. As such, in its primal state, then, the earth, Lacking form, in the Genesis 1-2 sense of that word, lacking form or even order, characterized as a barren wasteland or wilderness, stands opposite what we might call a realm, a domain, or a kingdom. The formlessness in view here in Genesis chapter one, verse two, is a condition, a state, pertaining to the created order that stands opposite the ordering and the form that would characterize the world as realm, domain, and kingdom.

    But going even further with this notion, and I realize that here we are dealing with things that are quite deep, we must acknowledge that the earth in this condition, as it is described to us at the opening of this verse, is formless in the most absolute sense. In the most absolute sense. Therefore, the earth not only lacks form and order, it defies form and order. It not only lacks realm, domain, and kingdom, it defies realm, domain, and kingdom.

    This means, then, that the resolution to the earth’s condition cannot be generated out of itself. Form and order cannot be generated from out of the earth as if the earth had within itself the potentiality of creating for itself form and order. You must understand, then, that the earth cannot generate, then, for itself that which would answer to God’s definition of domain, kingdom, or realm in and of itself. The earth cannot bestow upon itself its own resolution.

    It is utterly incapable of doing so, and this is what I mean, then, that our description here of the formlessness of the earth must be taken in the most absolute sense. We are here, then, talking about impossibilities. We are talking about impossibilities. Now we can say the same thing about the emptiness or the void that is mentioned next, as we can with respect to the darkness. Focusing upon that emptiness. The emptiness now in you pertains to the fact that in this state nothing fills the earth. Nothing, as it were, inhabits the earth. We are, after all, speaking about the earth as desolate wasteland. Nothing can live there. It’s empty.

    Nothing then inhabits the earth that might bring to the earth a completedness, a fullness, a filling up, by which, through which the formlessness might itself be answered, or at least challenged. But once more, as with the formlessness, so also with the void, the emptiness, you must understand the void in the most absolute sense. It is not merely that the earth is empty, it defies filling. In its present state, it is not only then that the earth is not filled, it cannot be filled. It is impossible for it to be filled. and the earth itself cannot generate that which would fill it or complete it from within itself.

    What we have said about the formlessness and the void, we can also say about the darkness. The darkness must be understood, then, as a darkness in the absolute sense. There is nothing within the creation, as God originally made that creation, that can resolve the darkness that characterizes the earth.

    The Bible’s declarations, then, here at the very outset of Revelation, as if anticipating the positions of unregenerate men, as if anticipating all that would be said that would be challenging then to the biblical doctrine of creation, lay here at the very outset the ax to the root of all apostate evolutionary thinking. All evolutionary thinking presumes life or the spark of life or vitality, presumes an energy force that is of the stuff of this creation that is then responsible for further generation, assumes that within the created order there is something that has the possibility of generating resolution to the universe’s problems. But as well, the act is laid to the root to all religious and philosophical systems that build upon a belief that the created order has within itself a potentiality to resolve its own complexities and difficulties. People of God We are talking here about impossibilities. It is against the background of these impossibilities then presented to us from the very beginning that the Spirit of God makes His appearance.

    The Spirit is the agent of resolution. He is the Spirit of power and the agent of resolution. By Him, in Him, there is now rendered possible what is impossible. given the canons of this created order. But you must understand that the spirit here is introduced to us not just as the spirit of power the divine figure, the agent of resolution to the impossibilities that regard the creation.

    Spirit is also introduced as that figure in whom we are able to perceive the reality of an entirely different order of things, that figure in whom we are able to perceive another world altogether. The Spirit carries within him the truth of the reality of a higher sphere of another world, of another order of things, the order of the Spirit. The Spirit, therefore, is introduced to us as that figure who carries within him the testimony to another world, a figure whose work of resolution now, in this particular context, is in keeping with that other world, its order and form, domain and kingdom, and all that fills that other world. as if with this pattern, then resolution is brought to bear upon the predicament that the creation presently confronts. The figure of the Spirit carries within Himself the resolution to the world’s formlessness, emptiness, and darkness. But he carries within himself that resolution in keeping with the other world, which is tied up in him, so that he brings to bear upon the present world the order-formed dominion kingdom, and even that which fills that other world, he brings to bear upon this world the order of the other world. The Spirit of God comes, therefore, to remedy the impossible situation as only He can, but with a resolution and solution that bears the imprint of that higher world from which He Himself has come, or which He carries with Him in His coming.

    The clue to this In our text is the mention of the bird-like character of the Spirit of God. Proper rendering of the latter part of that second verse is that the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters, was hovering bird-like over the face of the waters.

    Why the bird imagery? Why the hovering language in connection with the Spirit? Birds weren’t as much as yet created. Why the hovering language, the bird imagery, in connection with the Spirit? Now you might note that The bird imagery is used elsewhere with regard to the Spirit. A very important text, you recall, namely the baptism narrative regarding Jesus Christ in the synoptic Gospels. Remember what it said?

    The Spirit descended dove-like upon Jesus. when he comes out of the waters of the Jordan, Matthew 3.16 in parallel text. It would seem then that there is some connection, shall we say natural connection, I’ll stretch the word, some natural connection between the Spirit and this bird imagery, even as we see that connection once more in the New Testament in the baptism narratives regarding Christ. But what possible significance could the bird imagery have in connection with the Spirit? So I ask you, what else in Scripture has wings? Not birds. Angels. Angels.

    He must then see the advent of the Spirit in Genesis 1-2 as the advent of God. And it is the advent of God in His glory. It is the advent of God in His matchless, wonderful glory. His heavenly glory. You remember the coming of God in the vision of Isaiah? In Isaiah chapter 6, when He appears, He is accompanied by His angelic host, His Pharisees. This, too, is the coming of God.

    It is the advent of God, specifically now seen under the heading of the Spirit and the coming of the Spirit for the resolution of those impossibilities that are now upon the face of the creation. God comes then accompanied by his heavenly entourage, and this is a spirit visitation coming out of that other world, he accompanied with all his angelic hosts. The mysterious bird-like movement draws into view the intrusion of God from His throne and His glory, accompanied by all of His angels, as they come upon the plane of this world for the resolution of the impossibilities that overshadow this world as yet. Out of God’s throne then, with His glory, accompanied as He is by His angels, There comes through the Spirit, by the power and pattern of the forming and filling of that world which is transcendent, a resolution to the formlessness and the emptiness and the darkness of this creation. There is significance then for the Spirit’s descent, dove-like, upon Christ at His baptism for it comes as a virtual reenactment of Genesis 1-2, this time with Jesus himself being the creation, upon whom then the Spirit works in order to establish the power and the pattern of the realm above in this world beneath. I might add, neither is this dimension lacking from the Pentecost story in Acts 2, but there the winging imagery might be a bit obscure to us, hidden as it is beneath the reference to the noise from heaven that sounds like violent rushing wind in Acts 2, verse 1.

    When we read that Acts 2, verse 2 account in light of passages, like Ezekiel 1.24 and Ezekiel 10.5, we see that the sound of that mighty rushing wind, or the sound of many waters as it appears even in Ezekiel, is because of the beating of the angelic wings that accompanied God as He comes on, upon His creation.

    So as to bring the imposition of the power and the pattern of that higher world upon this world in order to answer the impossibilities that have overtaken this creation. What impossibilities might those be in the day of the apostles gathered together in Jerusalem What might they be on the day of Pentecost? The inability for you to resolve your sin, the impossibility for you to reach heaven’s glory in and through yourself. the impossibility for there to be in this creation, apart from the Spirit’s working, a manifestation of the form and kingdom of God that now made possible through the Spirit and asserting itself in the Church of Jesus Christ. At Pentecost also, the beating of angelic wings accompanying God’s advent. Yes, his entourage comes on, bounded to the spirit and in the spirit, a divine visitation by which the power and the pattern of the realm of the spirit asserts itself and imposes itself upon this creation, thus to resolve our impossibility.

    As I have already intimated, what the Spirit has done at creation, what He has done for the Church, He also does for us, making us nothing less than temples of His. making it apparent that left to ourselves we have no more possibility of fulfillment or productivity than the original creation, and that even more so because of sin and its sentence of death. But now, having been baptized, we all, having been baptized into the Spirit, what was impossible for us is now possible. We have been made, yes, alive, We have even been made fruitful by the Spirit. Not only are we able to labor unto the Lord, but in the Spirit and life of that world which is above, we are guaranteed that our labor is not in vain in the Lord.

    Left to ourselves, our works are emptiness. They contribute nothing to the formation of the kingdom and leave us in a desolate wilderness. But with the Spirit of God, we are now citizens of a higher realm And that realm asserts itself in its power and pattern in this creation presently, in the Church of Jesus Christ, and even as we extend ourselves in Christ’s name, showing that we belong to the Lord. Our God, it may well be that we would say that we have the power in ourselves to resolve the situations that face us, but that is not true.

    It is the Spirit of God who has power in himself, and even power to resolve the impossibilities that we confront. as it has been with the creation, as it has been with salvation itself in Jesus Christ, so it is with the Church, and it is with us. Therefore, O God, we will be unmovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, insofar as we know that our labor is not in vain in the Lord. We pray this through Christ, who blesses us with His Spirit. Amen.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • Noah’s Sin and the Rainbow

    Noah’s Sin and the Rainbow

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of the “Misc. OT Sermons” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, November 27, 1994.

    About this sermon

    The world after the flood carries real continuities with the world before it, and Noah’s own drunkenness and exposure in Genesis 9:20-29 turn out to echo the original fall rather than escape it. The rainbow marks God’s covenant faithfulness all the same, with Noah himself, in his weakness, already pointing toward Christ. Thankfulness, not shock at the story’s offense, is where it finally lands.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    Tonight we are turning to Genesis chapter 8. We are beginning at verse 20, and we are reading through chapter 9. Genesis chapter 8, beginning at verse 20. I give you attention now to the reading of God’s holy words. and Noah built an altar to the Lord, and took of every clean animal and of every clean bird, and offered offerings on the altar.

    And the Lord smelled the soothing aroma, and the Lord said to himself, I will never again curse the ground on account of man, for the intent of man’s heart is evil from his youth, and I will never again destroy every living thing as I have done. While the earth remains, see time and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter and day and night shall not cease. God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth, and the fear of you and the terror of you shall be on every beast of the earth and on every bird of the sky, with everything that creeps on the ground and all the fish of the sea, into your hand they are given.

    Every moving thing that is alive shall be food for you. I give all to you, as I gave the green plant. Only you shall not eat the flesh with its life, that is, its blood. And surely I will require your lifeblood from every beast I will require it, and from every man, from every man’s brother, I will require the life of man. Whoever sheds man’s blood, by man his blood shall be shed. for in the image of God he made man. And as for you, be fruitful and multiply, populate the earth abundantly and multiply in it.’

    And God spoke to Noah and to his sons with him, saying, Now behold, I myself do establish my covenant with you and with your descendants after you, and with every living creature that is with you, the birds, the cattle, and every beast of the earth with you, of all that comes out of the ark, even every beast of the earth.

    And I will establish my covenant with you, and all flesh shall never again be cut off by the water of the flood, neither shall there again be a flood to destroy the earth.’ And God said, This is the sign of the covenant which I am making between me and you and every living creature that is with you for all successive generations. I set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a sign of the covenant between me and the earth. and it shall come about when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be seen in the cloud. And I will remember my covenant which is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh, and never again shall the water become a flood to destroy all flesh. When the bow is in the cloud, then I will look upon it to remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is on the earth. God said to Noah, This is the sign of the covenant which I have established between me and all flesh that is on the earth. Now, the sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham and Japheth, and Ham was the father of Canaan. These three were the sons of Noah, and from these the whole earth was populated.

    Then Noah began farming and planted a vineyard. He drank of the wine and became drunk and uncovered himself inside his tent. Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father and pulled his two brothers outside. But Shem and Japheth took a garment and laid it upon both their shoulders and walked backward and covered the nakedness of their father, and their faces were turned away so that they did not see their father’s nakedness. When Noah awoke from his wine, he knew what his youngest son had done to him.

    So he said, “‘Cursed be Canaan, a servant of servants shall he be to his He also said, Blessed be the Lord, the God of Shem, and let Canaan be his servant. May God enlarge Japheth, and let him dwell in the tents of Shem, and let Canaan be his servant. And Noah lived 350 years after the flood, so all the days of Noah were 950 years, and he died.

    Our Father, truly, in your faithfulness to your promises and to your people, you have fed the generation in the wilderness with bread from heaven. Lord, we know that in this latter day the true bread has come down, that we might be refreshed in you. We do not understand that bread apart from your word and apart from the Spirit. Therefore, O God, we would be fed by your word and in the Spirit. Help us this evening, O God, that our hearts may be opened, that we may be refreshed by what you have to give us, even in Jesus Christ, the living word. We pray it in his name. Amen.

    Noah did view the old world and new. Noah did view the old world and new. With these words, the New England Primer set forth profound doctrine, profound theology to the young souls trained under its tutelage. Noah then, according to this couplet, like a second atom, stepped out upon a new earth once the flood had abated.

    He gathered around him the members of that church of his day, his family, all heirs together through God’s recent redeeming act, his great and mighty work in the great deluge. Noah, the father, the patriarch, bridegroom to this household, its prophet and its priest, leaves all of these in his household to an altar overlaid with blood-sanctified praise to the Lord.

    The smoke, the aroma ascends, eliciting a fresh breeze of the Spirit. and onward comes the benediction of God. Never again, comes the Lord’s promise, never again will I destroy every living thing. Seed time and harvest, summer and winter will not cease as long as the earth continues. the promise of God lending to the creation itself a sense, an impression of permanence, as if there has been something of eternity laid across the face of the creation, as if in the promise with respect to the earth we can see some form of the eternity that God is promising to his creatures. Thus it is that creation begins again, and as at the first creation, now once more God says to humanity, be fruitful and multiply. The new has come.

    But in the midst of it, qualifying its newness Dimming the brightness of that newness is the shadow of darkness and the ever-stalking terror of evil. In this new world, the dread of man, we are told in the text, now terrorizes the lesser creation, the lower creation, as the animal kingdom fears man. But beneath the shadow of darkness, that ever-stoking terror of evil that has overtaken humanity, finds man himself in dread of man.

    Violence, you will recall, filled the earth and even human consciousness prior to the Flood. But now, after the Flood, This tidal wave of evil demands of man a government that is intent upon the restraint of evil through the threat of violence itself upon those who would extract life wickedly, murderously, from others. So ominous and immense is this threat of evil in world, that God speaks as one liable to forget his promise. The threat of evil, evil itself so ominous and immense, that God speaks as one in the face of that evil and its threat, liable to forget his promise.

    Therefore, as the story continues into Genesis 9, God sets his bow in the clouds as a reminder to himself. From what follows, however, it is apparent that Noah will be in need of his own reminder. The immense character of evil and its threat placed Noah at risk in his new environment, in his new world. In fact, Noah is faced now with a monumental threat that rises out of his own heart.

    As he stepped off the ark, as he stepped into that new world, sensing something of the newness that was a part of him, expected things to be different. Did he not understand the name that he had been given from birth? His name, Noah, means rest. Had he not heard from his father, Lamech, time and again the explanation of that name?

    This is the one, said his father, at the birth of this boy, Genesis 5.29, who shall bring rest to us from the labors of our hands, rest to us from the curse itself. Both the father, then, and the son. They lived in faith, but both the father and the son misunderstood. It seems quite likely that this father and son expected something conclusive, something final in the figure of this man.

    No. Noah now surveys his new world and the new humanity. His world and his family testify to surviving corruption, even on this side of the flood, the deluge. Noah himself, in this new world, finds himself laboring with the earth, quarreling with the eking out a living, if you will. The question rising in his mind is, where, then, is the rest? Where, then, is the peak? Where, then, is the finality for myself and for my family?

    He struggles and strives in his new environment, a new environment that yields abundant evidence of the continuation of the curse, even in this new creation. But surely Noah knows himself as well, being the man of faith as he is described in Scripture, being the godly man that he is, he is aware of the truth about himself. Even if he is a figure of the new man, if he is a figure of the second Adam, he is not the second Adam. It is becoming all too apparent to him.

    Even though the post-slug world is like a new creation, it is not that new creation that is promised, into which this world shall be ushered at its conclusion. As great as Noah was then, he did not bring in the glory. He did not bring in the consummate final state of perfect peace and rest. So much is Noah’s falling short.

    The Spirit’s great concern that the frightful and offensive story with which Genesis 9 closes becomes a necessary statement in God’s holy word. You might recoil from this story at the end of Genesis 9. I remember preaching on this text in one context a number of years ago, and there were people in the congregation who would not even greet me as they left. In polite circles, we don’t preach on such texts. We don’t even bring them up. We don’t mention them.

    But now you see So much is Noah’s falling short to the point that the Spirit’s concern must be for the inclusion of this story for our good and for our benefit. The record leaves no doubt about the seriousness of the whole matter, a seriousness brought out by the multiple illusions to Genesis 3.

    Did you ever notice them? The multiple allusions to Genesis 3. As you compare the story of Noah at the conclusion of Genesis 9, the story of his sin, have you ever picked up on the similarities between that story and the story of the original fall into sin? of this transgression by Noah. The record then from the Holy Spirit leaves no doubt about the seriousness of the whole matter, a seriousness brought out by these multiple allusions to the fall of man recorded in Genesis 3. Remember the story of the fall of man, and I don’t have to rehearse that for you, but I want you now to note how the story of the fall of man parallels the story of Noah’s sin.

    Note, first of all, Adam in Genesis, in the early chapters, is seen in a garden planted by God. Here in Genesis 9, Noah is in a vineyard which he himself has planted. Secondly, Adam’s fall imbued I’m sorry, Adam’s fall involved consuming the fruit of the tree. Noah’s fall involved consuming the fruit of the vine.

    Thirdly, both stories—the fall in Genesis 3 and now Noah’s sin in Genesis 9—involved the themes of nakedness and shame. Fourthly, both stories involved a gracious act of covering. And fifthly, both stories concern themselves with pronouncements of judgment and promise. It is as if, when we are reading Genesis 9 then, that history is repeating itself, as if the new world under this new Adam, this Noah, were witnessing a second fall into sin.

    But surely you say one fall is adequate, wasn’t it? Still, the degrading sin of Noah, together with its aftermath, educates us to the nature of our final redemption, but it also educates us about the nature of Noah’s sin itself and that sin’s seriousness. Concerning the nature of our final redemption.

    You realize what he’s talking about. Noah is a setup. He is a providentially placed, Spirit-deposited setup. We are being forced, as we read the story of Noah, to look beyond him for one far greater Coming is the sin-bearer, who himself is not a sinner. Coming is the Savior, whose work is effectual for the sake of sinners, even sinners like Noah. The true second Adam waits in the wings, and he it is who shall usher in the new world, the eternal world, a world beyond the reach of sin and corruption, in which sin and corruption cannot even exist. Coming then, that One waiting in the wings. Coming then is One who extends to us the great and final rest of the Kingdom of Heaven. One who says, you may recall, Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. the fulfillment of Noah’s name is realized in Jesus Christ.

    But as we said, this story at the end of Genesis 9 powerfully teaches us about the nature of Noah’s sin and its seriousness. Here we are face-to-face with the reason why this sin and the description of it bears so close a similarity to what we find in Genesis 3. The intention of the Genesis 9 account is to heighten to the highest level the seriousness of Noah’s sin. You see, it is being placed at the level of Adam’s first transgression. So serious is it. You might ask, what exactly is this sin that is placed at such a high level?

    We may immediately conclude that the sin upon which this text focuses is the drunkenness to which Noah succumbs. Now, there is no minimizing of the seriousness of the sin of drunkenness in Scripture. In fact, 1 Corinthians 10.6 tells us that no drunkard will inherit the kingdom of God. That says it pretty plainly. No drunkard will inherit the kingdom of God. So, without a doubt, drunkenness is a great sin.

    It leads us to consider things, however, that lie beneath the surface. It leads us to consider, for instance, the enormity of hostility and anger, bitterness and dissension, disappointment, anxiety, and sinful depression in the heart. There are some in this congregation who are not strangers to drunkenness. They know firsthand the truth of what I have just said. They also know the marvelous grace of God in delivering them. So without a doubt, drunkenness is a great sin. It speaks of things, yes, that lie beneath the surface of the external act.

    The enormity of hostility, bitterness, anger, anxiety, even sinful depression, self-interest and self-pity in the sinner’s heart. Now, what blanks himself into a blind-eyed, drunken stupor. And that, yes, as we go through the text and we consider it, undoubtedly because of his own deep disappointment. How many people are driven then to drunkenness because of their own deep disappointment?

    And undoubtedly that is there in the chemistry of Noah’s sin. Noah drank himself blind-eyed drunk, undoubtedly because of his own deep disappointment that his new world was not the new world, and that he was not the new Adam and the source of the new humanity. His resentment at his self-pity led him to conjure up his own new world. It was he with an invented self-image could live, if only for a time. An illusionary world of drunken oblivion.

    But even this description of Noah’s Affair points us in the direction of the deep consideration that take us beyond even Noah’s external drunkenness. His sin, meant to be compared with Adam’s first transgression, takes us beyond the drunkenness itself, just as, you see, Adam’s sin in eating that fruit took us beyond the mere external act of the partaking of the fruit.

    Genesis 9 then, just as Genesis 3, takes us into the convolutions of the soul. Convolutions that lie beneath the surface of the world, not expressly mentioned in the text. Convolutions that we have to stand out from the text. In order to get out of them, in Genesis 9, we need to ask ourselves what is missing from the story of Noah and his sin.

    This is a harvest story. This is a harvest story. Verse 20, Noah began farming and planted a vineyard. In order to get at the sin of Noah, indeed that which lies beneath the surface, we are going to have to take account of that which is missing from the story of Noah’s sin. But you must remember that this is a harvest story.

    If you were a Jew reading this story, Understanding it to be a harvest story, what would you look for? In fact, even though it’s with regard to a different matter and in a different context, as you back up to Genesis 8 and you read about the story of Noah and his family, disembarking from the ark, what is there, obviously, plainly and powerfully. A testimony to the gratitude that is in the heart of this man. A testimony to his thankfulness.

    As we move to the conclusion of Genesis 9, Here, specifically, in a harvest story, where you would expect it to be sure, that which is specifically absent from the story is any testimony with regard to gratitude, with regard to thankfulness. There is no thanksgiving in the story of Noah at the end of Genesis 9. It is totally absent. He harvests, and there is no thanksgiving. There is no gratitude.

    Thanklessness, ingratitude, then, are elevated to the level of the first transgression. If you want to get to the heart of what sin is all about, just consider this word, thanklessness. But truly, thanklessness has become a monument in the modern church. And that, despite all of the show, despite all of the exercises in which we, in a sense, and contrive thankfulness. Thanklessness is such a thorough attack upon God. It is such a complete attack upon God. It is such a complete and thorough rejection of God.

    Now, in this regard, you may want to note a latter text from the New Testament. Maybe some of you who are ahead of me know that I am going to ask you to turn to Ephesians I want you to notice in Ephesians 5, beginning at verse 18, the prominence of thanksgiving.

    And do not get drunk with wine, for that is dissipation. but be filled with the spirit speaking to one another in songs and hymns and spiritual song singing and making melody with your heart to the Lord always. Giving thanks for all things in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ to God even thought. Now as we read that text. Does it strike you that very possibly the apostle Paul has Genesis 9 in mind as he writes it. Could it be that the Apostle Paul is playing off of the story of Noah’s sin even, and as you note in verse 18, the specific sin of drunkenness is mentioned. But notice well how Paul, so wonderfully and explicitly, draws out the theme of thankfulness. Verse 20, always giving thanks for all things.

    Over against the sin, and even that which inspires the sin, if it be thanklessness, The answer to that thankfulness is thankfulness. You might note also a passage that parallels this Ephesians 5 text in Colossians 3. And here, in Colossians 3, verses 15 through 17, the mention of thankfulness and thanksgiving is even more explicit. Colossians 3 verse 15, And let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, to which indeed you were called in one body, and be thankful. Let the word of Christ richly dwell within you with all wisdom, teaching and admonishing one another with psalms, hymns and spiritual songs, singing with thankfulness in your hearts to God. And whatever you do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks through him. to God the Father. This parallel from the Colossian letter to what we have read in Ephesians makes it more apparent just how thanksgiving and gratitude are exactly on target in that Ephesian sense.

    Truly, then, biblically speaking, There is that sense in which we can say with confidence that there is no sin so serious as thankless love. As you can see, in the case of Noah, it leads to all kinds of evil. But conversely, as Ephesians and Colossians tell us, is the way of righteousness.

    And what a blessing. What a blessing for us who abide in Jesus Christ, for His thankfulness, the true second Adam, the one who rushes us into the new world. is such that not only do we profit from that thankfulness which he himself expresses, but we enter into the very expression of that thankfulness through our thanksgiving. Whatever is lacking in our thanksgiving is more than supplied in Christ. in him and through him we are enabled to give thanks, and that even in the most bleak circumstances. As Ephesians 5, 20 says, always giving thanks in all things. Oh God, thanksgiving may be absent from Noah as he harvests the grapes from his vineyard.

    But Lord, in Jesus Christ, thankfulness and thanksgiving are never absent in the new Adam. Jesus Christ. O Lord, because of the bond that exists between Christ and His Church, thanksgiving and thankfulness are never to be absent, missing from us. And that regardless of the circumstances. We pray that we may be a grateful people, thankful to you for your abundant mercy to us. May we rejoice always in and through our Savior Jesus Christ by the spirit of grace that you have given to us.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • The Tithe as Acknowledging the King

    The Tithe as Acknowledging the King

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of the “Considering the Church” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, February 20, 1994.

    About this sermon

    A tithe rightly understood is an acknowledgment that Christ is King over everything a household has rather than a tax, which is also why children need to be taught to give and not just told to. Genesis 14 and Hebrews 7 supply the pattern of giving to a priest-king that the tithe still follows. Christ gave everything, and that example, not a percentage, is the real standard.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    This morning we are beginning our scripture reading in the book of Genesis. We are at chapter 14, beginning with verse 1. I’ll give you attention to the word of God. In the days of Amrasel, king of Shinar, Eriach, king of Elassar, and Shadalamor, king of Elam, and Tidal, king of nations, that these made war with Berach, king of Sodom, and with Bershah, king of Gomorrah, Shinad, king of Abma, and Shumaber, king of Zebelim, and the king of Bela, which is Zohar.

    All these were joined together in the Vale of Shadun, which is the Salt Sea. Twelve years they served Shaddamir, and in the thirteenth year they rebelled. And in the fourteenth year came Shaddamir and the kings that were with him, and smote the Raphaeans in Ashteroth Carnaim. and the Zuzines in Ham, and the Eemes in Shadda, Piriath the Eem, and the Horites in their Mount Seir, unto El-Koran, which is by the wilderness. And they returned and came to En-Mishpak, which is Kadish, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwell in Hazavon-Tamar. And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboim, and the king of Bela, the same as Zoar, and they joined battle with them in the Vale of Shaddim, with Chattel-Amor, the king of Elam, and with Tidal, king of Nations, and with Amrasel, king of Shinar, and Ariok, king of Elassah, four kings with five. The vale of Shadim was full of slime pits, and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and they fell there, and they that remained fled to the mountain.

    And they took all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah and all their vittles and went their way, and they took Lot, Abram’s brother’s son, who dwelt in Sodom, and his goods, and departed. and there came one that had escaped and told Abram the Hebrew, for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre, the Amorite, the brother of Eshcol, the brother of Aner, and these were confederate with Abram. And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, 318, and pursued them unto Dan, and he divided himself against them, he and his servants by night, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah which is on the left hand of Damascus. And he brought back all the goods, and also brought again his brother Lot and his goods, and the women also, and the people.

    And the king of Sodom went out to meet him. After his return from the slaughter of Chattelammer and of the kings that were with him at the Valley of Sheba, which is the King’s Dale, Melchizedek, the King of Salem, brought forth bread and wine, and he was the priest of the Most High God. And he blessed him and said, Blessed be Abram, of the Most High God, possessor of heaven Blessed be the Most High God which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hands.’ And Abram gave him tithes of oil.”

    Then, turning over to the letter to the Hebrews, chapter 7. Just a couple of verses here, verses 9 and 10 of Hebrews 7. And as I may say so, Levi also, who received tithes, paid tithes in Abraham. for he was yet in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him.” And then finally to 1 Corinthians 9 verses 13 and 14. This is sort of like a Bible drill for you this morning.

    Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple, and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar? Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel.” Pray with me now. Father, we rejoice that you have given yourself to us even in the gift of your Word, even in the Scriptures which we have. And we are praying, Lord, that This grace to us would not be neglected. Help us with your word that we might receive it as it was given to us, that we might be instructed by it. And encourage us, Lord, even in those areas where we need to be corrected, that we might be corrected by your word. That for our good and your glory. Through Christ. Amen. We have come to our third and final message on the matter of the Church and money. This is our last message on that subject.

    Dr. Leopard Coppice, a man known to many in this congregation and respected in this Church, a number of years ago argued very eloquently that the New Testament demanded the continuation of a form of the Old Testament tithe. A continuation of a form of the Old Testament tithe, that is, the offering of one-tenth of one’s income to the Lord for the Lord’s work. Dr. Coppice did this, as was his habit, in fine Biblical theological style, and in response to a very practical question. How will the Church of Jesus Christ be financed if not through the obligation laid upon the people of God in the tithe?

    According to Dr. Coppice, Jesus Christ possesses an eternal priesthood, a priesthood that predates and postdates the Old Testament Levitical priests. Therefore, when Abraham paid tithes to Melchizedek, as we read this morning from Genesis 14, both Abraham and the Levitical who were as yet in Abraham’s loins, were acknowledging the prerogatives of the eternal priesthood of the Son of God. This then being the conclusion that Dr. Coppice drew from his analysis of the seventh chapter of Hebrews, and particularly that ninth and tenth verse which we also have read. Christ’s eternal priesthood then posits for us a perpetually binding ordinance, command, which the Old Testament figures of Abraham and the Levitical priests were obliged to honor, as was also all Israel. But we also, in the New Testament era, are much obliged, even more obliged, to honor this perpetually binding ordinance mediated to us and for us through Christ’s eternal priesthood. Dr. Coppice then would appeal to 1 Corinthians 9 verses 13 and 14, which we have also read this morning.

    He would say that this passage, while not mentioning the tithes directly, relies upon the truth of the tithes and the practice of the tithes in the early church. It assumes that the New Testament Church was operating according to the pattern found in the Old Testament, and in keeping with the perpetually binding obligation imposed by Christ’s eternal priesthood. As the Old Testament ministers of the Word, namely the priests and Levites, received their living through the tithes of God’s people Israel, so the New Testament Ministers of the Word receive their living through the tithes of God’s people, the Church.

    Adding weight to the argument, continued Dr. Coppice, is the Reformed principle of the unity of the Scriptures, the unity of the Covenants, the unity of the Testaments. On the basis of that principle of unity, Reformed and Presbyterian folk have maintained their convictions about the baptism of children, for instance. We recognize a line of continuity moving from Old Testament to New. There is the Old Testament sacrament by which the children of the covenant are included within the covenant, namely the sacrament of circumcision, and that is matched by the New Testament sacrament of baptism. by which also children are included in the covenant.

    He would go on to make the same point with regard to the Sabbath and the New Testament Sabbath. Of course, there is the difference. The day has been changed, but Christians, so say Reformed and Presbyterian folk, oblige with respect to the Sabbath commandment. Not the last day of the week, but the first day, marking the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

    Dr. Coppice then would say, we defend the tithes on similar grounds. Therefore, we must expect Church members to tithe, to give a tenth, a tenth of their income to the Church for the support of the Church’s ministry. But it is precisely at this point that Dr. Coppice’s argument seems to run aground. Do we really see the tithe along the same lines as baptism and the Sabbath? Do we see the tithe as setting before us an obligation that is on the order baptism and the Christian Sabbath.

    Now please don’t misunderstand me here, and with all respect to my friend, Dr. Thomas. My purpose here is not to raise objections to Dr. Coppice’s position generally, and the way in which he maps out for us the relationship between the Old and New Testaments. Nor is it to raise objections to the tithes in such a way that those who give little but should be giving more might feel even more comfortable and complacent in their negligence. Let me say, as we progress in this message, there should be no question about it in any of our minds. The biblical pattern from beginning to end, the practice of godly people in every age, has been the presentation of their offerings as part and parcel of that devotion that they owe to God. In fact, what God expects of his people. Yes, we are to give. No, even more strongly, we must give. We must give.

    If you would allow me a bit of a parenthesis here. Let me speak to you who are parents. especially those of you looking for practical advice in the rearing of your children, and particularly with regard to this dimension of piety which you dare not overlook. Which you dare not overlook.

    Many of the Church’s children simply are not being taught to give. Now, I’m speaking of the Church generally, not of this particular congregation. But this is a truth. Many of the Church’s children, generally speaking, are not being taught to give, and this is especially lethal in our time because you see, selfishness abounds. Out and out miserliness, cold-hearted tight-fistedness abounds.

    There is a squandering of money by a generation of youth that is the wealthiest generation of youth that the world has ever known. It’s not that they aren’t spending money, they are spending money, but on themselves, and as never before. Young people raised within the church, children of good Christian homes, are now confessing, having graduated from their education years, finding themselves in the workaday world, they are confessing that they don’t give a dime for the Lord’s work. They sought not to be.

    We parents must ask ourselves if our children have picked up something in us, if they are merely playing out what they see in us—a lack of generosity, a lack of magnanimity on our part, a selfishness in ourselves that breeds selfishness in them. They don’t give because we don’t give. Or is it that our children have failed to pick up something quite attractive and commendable, something quite appropriate, good, and biblical from us? And that’s simply because we have never taken the time to sit down and talk to them about what they ought to do. Our example, worthy as it might be, may be reinforced, may not be reinforced, by the instruction that our children should receive from us.

    What is it that we are to believe about this matter of giving, about this important area of biblical devotion? What should we be teaching our children? What must the Church of Jesus Christ teach? Surely, we must teach charity, generosity. We must teach the obligation that we have to give our offerings in service to our God.

    But are we obliged to teach the command, the obligation of the tithe? the tenth as a binding obligation, as a command laid upon us as members of the Church of Jesus Christ. Let me go further along this line and ask another question. What if the Church were to teach the tithe as a binding obligation?

    Would not such a position demand of the Church that she make this obligation clear in her Now, I’ve gone looking for the word tithe in the documents of the Westminster Assembly, and I can’t find it. Now, this is the case. I recognize the history of the situation.

    This is the case, not necessarily because the Westminster Divines had no commitment to an imposed and percentage-type contribution from the Church membership for the support of the Church. that because that percentage type contribution came through taxation at the hands of the state, not the church. However, you will note that the word tithe is not mentioned in the OPC standards either, even though those standards were produced in circumstances in which the church no longer depended upon taxation for its income. Nor might I point out, were you asked, when you became a member of this congregation, whether you would tithe, nor were you compelled to promise to tithe when you united with this congregation. It seems clear, then, that the OTC does not believe that it can lay this obligation upon the people of God.

    If it did, it would say so. And if it said so, that would mean that this obligation would be within the standards of the Church, and be there as a rule for membership, a rule that could in fact be held over our heads, in terms of which we could be disciplined. If we failed to tithe, we could be brought to trial for not doing what our obligation was to do. It seems to me, then, that Dr. Coppice’s argument fails at this most practical level.

    No changes to the OP standards mandating tithing have been proposed. No changes have been proposed that would mean that the tithe was a spiritual and moral obligation upon the membership of the Church. Why does the OPC, while insisting adamantly upon the giving of offerings, not promote the tithe as obligation, as command, as duty?

    Is it because of cowardice? Because the subject is unpopular? Would it cause riots in the peers? This is not to boast, but I don’t think that the OPC historically has been known as a coward. Is it because of an inherent inconsistency? The OPC just doesn’t get it, just doesn’t get the point. Or is it because the OPC fails to be impressed with the proper biblical theology, in the way in which Dr. Coppice has been impressed. My conclusion is that we answer these questions in the negative, every one of them. In fact, it is precisely because of the OPC’s biblical theological commitment that she doesn’t mandate the pie.

    Our offerings are prescribed from the Old Testament to the New Testament, specifically and most importantly because of the revelation of the Lord’s kinship. And here we join in with that biblical theological argument that has been presented. Our offerings are prescribed specifically. Whether we are in the Old Testament or the New Testament, because of a revelation of the Lord’s kingship. Look at that Genesis 14 passage.

    When Abram returns from the slaughter of the kings, he gives a tithe to Melchizedek, because the Lord has revealed himself as king to Abram and in Abram’s triumph. Abram’s offering is the payment of homage. It honors his king, it honors the Lord. That is what is going on when we offer our gifts to God. We are presenting our gifts to God in light of the Lord’s kingship over us.

    By way of the offering in Genesis 14, Abram supports the king’s ambassador, in this case he is Melchizedek, and contributes to the king’s visible domain, specifically Salem, the city of Salem, where Melchizedek serves as the Lord’s vice-regent and priest. And we observe the very same pattern when the Lord triumphs over Pharaoh and all of his hosts, the Egyptians, and also when he triumphs over the tribes of the Canaanites. He is acknowledged as king. Homage is paid to him by his people by way of tithes and offerings to support the Lord’s ambassador, the priests of God, to maintain the king’s sanctuary throne, first the tabernacle and then the temple, and also in the circumstances of Israel to relieve the poor among the king’s people.

    But what happens when we arrive at the New Testament? Yes, we still have our offerings. presented in light of that revelation of the Lord as King, in light of his triumph in Jesus Christ, our Savior. Yes, our offerings are given in thanksgiving for God’s victory in Christ over sin and death, and those offerings are directed to the support of Christ’s ambassadors, those ministers of the Word properly ordained, who spread the Word and declare the meaning of that Word. at the center of which is the testimony concerning the King’s triumph on behalf of his people. Our offerings also are directed to the relief of the poor among the King’s people within the Church and beyond, as we have opportunity.

    But where there are these similarities, there are also gaping dissimilarities. One dissimilarity is the lack of an earthly, sanctuary throne for our Lord the King. The true sanctuary is above, and regardless of what we may wish to say about our building here, it is not anything on the order of the Old Testament tabernacle or temple, nor can it be. Our building is at best a convenience.

    It is not a necessity for the administration of God’s dealings in this age. that the more important dissimilarity is that we who belong to Jesus Christ dare not place a percentage on our demonstration of devotion to him. The most important dissimilarity as we move from Old Testament to New is that we who belong to Jesus Christ cannot place a percentage on our demonstration of devotion to our Savior. The absence of the mandate for the tithe in the New Testament does not mean that we are free to get off with giving less than the tenth. The absence of the mandate means that we are being scrutinized by the One who gave Himself totally, 100% for us.

    Thank God, Christ’s offering of Himself was not an offering of a mere tithe. The cross of Christ means that we cannot hide behind a pin, behind our measured allotment, our fair share, our part, our token, when paying homage to our King. Love so amazing, so divine, demands my soul, my life, my all. Practically speaking, many of us here at Grace Church have chosen voluntarily to give the tithe as the minimum for our offerings to the Church. And I rejoice that there are many such in this congregation. But I rejoice exceedingly because I know that for many of you, you will not hide behind the tent, the tithe, as if when faced with need you were under no further obligation. You see, the obligation laid upon all of us is that of Christ, who gave his all. How marvelous the cross shines. How wonderful, in the totality of that offering. It was a hot summer’s afternoon, July 1978.

    After the morning worship service, what was left of Grace Church congregated in this back room. There were 12 giving families left. In the discussions that were held in that meeting on that Sunday afternoon, those who were gathered committed themselves and said, we will do what we have to do to make sure that this church continues and that the gospel is proclaimed in this pulpit. We who were present walked out of that meeting convinced that a mere 10% would not be enough.

    Our Father, the matter of giving is oftentimes a very sensitive issue. And Father, we pray that we ourselves may be sensitive to the very depths of our souls with respect to this matter of our giving. If we have been trained wrong, we pray our God that we might be correct. If we have not been doing what we ought to do, we ask, Lord, that we might be turned around. If in fact, Lord, we have contented ourselves, even with the spirit of self-righteousness that we have given after all percentage, and you should be content with that, O God, may we be forgiven of such an attitude Instead, our Lord, may we look to the cross for the glory that we see there, the expenditure that you have made for us totally. Father, help us in our giving to give what we vow, but also, Lord, to give gladly, thankfully, in light of the revelation of your kingship over us. we your subjects, truly in thankful acknowledgment of what you have accomplished. And may it please you, Lord, to use our gifts, even our tenth and beyond, even to the fullness of what we are, for your kingdom, to the glory of your name, to the honor of Christ who gave himself completely for us.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • Creation Out of Nothing

    Creation Out of Nothing

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of the “Genesis 1-4” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, May 23, 1993.

    About this sermon

    Closing the series, God’s power is on full display in creation out of nothing, the same impossible act by which he saves us. Even here, God subjects himself to his own creation, a theocracy that begins with the Creator’s own submission.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    Listen to the word of God. Now this is the commandment, the statutes and the judgments which the Lord your God has commanded me to teach you, that you might do them in the land where you are going over to possess it, so that you and your son and your grandson might hear the Lord your God to keep all his statutes and his commandments, which I command you all the days of your life, and that your days may be prolonged. O Israel, you should listen. and be careful to do it, that it may be well with you, that you may multiply greatly, just as the Lord, the God of your fathers, has promised you in a lamb flowing with milk and honey. Here, O Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is one.

    You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. These words which I am commanding you today shall be on your heart, and you shall teach them diligently to your sons, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise up. And you shall bind them as a sign on your hand, and they shall be as truffles on your forehead. And you shall rank them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.

    Then it shall come about when the Lord your God brings you into the land which he swore to your fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to give you great and splendid cities which you did not build, and houses full of all good things which you did not fill, and dunes and cisterns which you did not dig, vineyards and olive trees which you did not plant.

    And you shall eat and be satisfied, then watch yourself, lest you forget the Lord who brought from the land of Egypt out of the house of slavery. You shall fear only the Lord your God, and you shall worship him and swear by his name. You shall not follow other gods, any of the gods of the peoples who surround you, for the Lord your God in the midst of you is a jealous God. Otherwise the anger of the Lord your God will be kindled against you, and he will wipe you off the face of the earth. You shall not put the Lord your God to the test as you tested him at Nassau.

    You should diligently keep the commandments of the Lord your God and his testimonies and his statutes which he has commanded you, and you shall do what is right and good in the sight of the Lord that it might be well with you and that you may go in and possess the good land which the Lord swore to give your fathers. by driving out all your enemies from before you as the Lord has spoken.

    When your son asks you in time to come, saying, What do the testimonies and the statutes and the judgments mean which the Lord commanded you? Then you shall say to your son, We were slaves to Pharaoh in Egypt, and the Lord brought us from Egypt with a mighty hand. Moreover, the Lord showed great and distressing signs and wonders before our eyes against Egypt, Pharaoh and all his household, and he brought us out from there in order to bring us in to give us the land which he had sworn to our fathers. So the Lord commanded us to observe all these statutes, to fear the Lord our God for our good always and for our survival as it is today. It will be righteousness for us if we are careful to observe all this commandment, which the Lord our God and before the Lord our God, just as he commanded us.

    And then Genesis chapter one. This is one and two. In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth and the earth was formless and void and darkness was over the surface of the deep. And the Spirit of God is moving over the surface of the waters.

    Remind us, Lord, remind us that we belong to you. that you have claimed us for your own, and that you have in fact given yourself to us. Remind us also, Father, that we belong to one another. And to this end, our God, we ask that we might prove to be a help one to another. Strengthen us in our determination to worship you properly. Even in this time, Lord, may your name be hallowed here. May we give our attention to you. May you be pleased, our God, to receive our worship. Hear us, then, for the sake of Christ our Savior, in whose name we pray.

    We are continuing with our summation of the teachings that come to us from Genesis 1 through 4, and tonight we want to conclude Our summation of the first unit that we have marked out, the unit that runs from the first verse of Genesis 1 through the third verse of Genesis 2. Our interest, as I have endeavored to point out, has been chiefly doctrinal, theological, as we have seen that doctrinal concern. itself out in the literary frame set before us in these chapters. We must not, however, as we think of these matters, forget the history of salvation dimension. For example, Do well to remind ourselves that Genesis 1, verse 1 through chapter 2, verse 3, was written by the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, but also from Moses, the servant of God.

    And that this portion of scripture is directed, in the first instance, to the children of who have just come out of the land of Egypt. A major matter of importance, then, for that generation is the identity of that God who has delivered them, the identity of the true God, this God who is the God of their salvation. Now that identity, the identity of this God, is spelled out for us as it was for them in what this God has accomplished, what He has done. It is not irrespective of His word which He has spoken to Moses and even in the presence of the children of Israel. But primarily, we are focused upon the explication of that identity as it is spelled out in what this great God has accomplished, what He has done. These great works, then, of God distinguish Him from other so-called gods. as this pertains to the circumstance of the Israelites, particularly the gods of Egypt and the gods of those nations that the Israelites are about to dispossess in Canaan. It is important, therefore, for Israel to understand, and for us also, as we are impressed with this revelation, to see, to understand, that Israel’s God, this God who declares Himself thus, is no provincial deity.

    He is, in fact, the only God. He is the maker of heaven and earth. He alone is the eternal God who is before all things, a God who makes Himself known by His awesome works. Consider his works, what these works say about him. So great is he and so great is his power, he is actually capable of creating so that there is something where formerly there was nothing. the works of this great God and what they say about Him. Consider then again His greatness and the greatness of His power. He is so great, He is so powerful, that He is capable of creating so that where there was formerly nothing, now there is something.

    He creates out of nothing. He creates into nothing. There was nothing there. He creates into it, and now there is something. And even more, he will, of nothing, out of nothing, create deliberately then a world that knows only an impossibility of progress and development in itself without any inner potential to realize anything of itself.

    That is, in fact, what is transpiring in the second verse of Genesis 1, a deliberate act by God so that he creates In the first order, a world that cannot progress, cannot develop, cannot produce life, cannot sustain life, cannot generate anything due to some kind of inner potential that it realizes from within itself. set before us here in that second verse, as we previously attempted to stress, is a formlessness, a void, which only God, in His power, can resolve. He deliberately then creates that which is impossible. when left to itself to resolve its own predicament. I stress this for you, I reiterate it. This is not the common message which you hear coming out of these early verses in Genesis 1, I realize that, but I stress this for you so as to show you root reason as to why the whole notion of evolution as it is conceived by the scientific elite is absolutely ridiculous in the face of the biblical revelation and its doctrinal declaration.

    God deliberately creates a world, that world is a formlessness and a void, and the world has nothing within itself to resolve its own formlessness and emptiness. Only God Himself can answer the impossibilities that such a creation, which He deliberately creates, sets before Him. This means, then, that God, in this deliberate mess creating this impossible world, if you will, does so in order to make it plain that He, and only He, is capable of resolving the difficulties and the impossibilities that face us in Genesis 1. Only He now can resolve the formlessness and the emptiness so that life is possible, so that life may be sustained in the creation.

    God then proclaims himself to be, at the very beginning of his revelation, the God who performs the impossible. And I might say that faith itself now becomes defined by this very revelation of God as the God who is capable of, and does in fact, perform the impossible.

    If you do not believe that, you have no part in it. Now, this pattern which we observe with regard to the original creation, evidenced for us here in Genesis 1-2, does in fact repeat itself. It repeats itself in God’s saving work, a saving work which may be described as a new creation. so with the new order. You think of it as it is patterned for us in God’s saving work with respect to Israel. The God whom Israel serves is the God who, in saving Israel, has performed a work as impossible as the resolution of the formlessness and the emptiness of the original world. The God whom Israel serves is the God who, in saving Israel, has performed a work as impossible as the resolution of the formlessness and the emptiness of the original creation. This pattern which we see here in the Old Testament saving work of God is no less imprinted upon us and impressed upon us, we who are blessed by the saving work of Jesus Christ.

    We are not, therefore, dealing with our inner potential when it comes to the matter of salvation. Israel was not dealing with its inner potentiality when it came to the matter of its salvation. We are not dealing with some kind of inner strength or inner capability when it comes to the matter of our salvation, any more than we are dealing with some kind of inner strength inherent to the creation when the world was first formed. Was it clear to you then, as you move from the creation story to the story of the deliverance of Israel to your own redemption, that the insistence of Calvinism with respect to the absolute sovereignty of God is undoubtedly correct? In fact, far from being a subordinate issue, far from being a peripheral matter, this issue of God’s absolute sovereignty is at the heart of biblical revelation. through redemption in Egypt for the sake of the Israelites to our own salvation. Now, we are not dealing then with our own inner potential, our capability.

    We are face-to-face with an impossibility. And that impossibility can only be resolved by the God who does the impossible, in creating and in saving. the manner in which God performs the impetus. This may not be altogether clear to us. Again, we are taking a somewhat different line than has ordinarily been taken when we come to those opening verses in Genesis 1. But please observe the manner in which God then performs the impossible. The world itself is described as formless and void, the impossibility of the world situation clearly set before us in that declaration. Now that verse continues, and we have set before us the manner in which God will resolve the circumstance.

    He will perform the impossible. He will resolve the formlessness and void of the creation by doing something that is still more incredible still. He himself, as you read that second verse, enters the formlessness and the void. He enters it. He subjects himself to it. He condescends to the level of the creation itself. and its impossible circumstances. In so doing, he takes to himself a visibility in the Spirit of God, which is described here as hovering dove-like above the abyss. Nothing less is in view here than a theophany, that is, an appearance of God.

    And it is by root of this appearance of his person that he does the impossible, he accomplishes the impossible, and affects form where previously there was formlessness, and bestows fullness where previously There was emptiness. The form and fullness is what follows in the description of the six recorded days of creation. The first three days set before us the forms, and the second three days set before us the filling of those forms. in the creation of man, the image of God, to whom is given the responsibility of ruling the world. As it was with creation, and the pattern that we observed there, so also in the process of salvation.” When salvation, God, as we affirm and declare, performs the impossible, He resolves the formlessness and the void now that has come upon the creation due to sin and the entrance of death. And He does this by entering into that world Himself and taking to Himself sinful flesh. as one who is himself overshadowed by the hopeless condition of the creation and humanity. Through the appearance of himself in Jesus Christ, he performs the impossible and overcomes the vast forces arrayed against us, and that for the establishment of those eternal forms and for the filling of them. unto the renewal of man in the image of God.

    This renewal that takes place with respect to us as creatures is all of grace, because God has taken to himself our humanity in Christ Jesus, and our renewal in the image of God is found only in and through him. It has been often pointed out that man was created last in order to emphasize his uniqueness and greatness in the creation order. Indeed, the last is first, and there is much to be said in pointing those things out again. But this order which we see, the reserving of the creation of man till the end, also emphasizes God’s grace in love, in that man’s appearance follows God’s appearance, and man’s work follows God’s work. When man finally appears, everything has been prepared for him by God himself.

    Note the parallel in the situation with respect to the children of Israel. As we read from Deuteronomy 6 this evening, They are brought into a land that is virtually given to them, and handed to them are cities that they did not build, wells they didn’t dig, fields they didn’t plant. All of this is given to them. But beyond the peril that we see in the case of the Israelites, We acknowledge it for ourselves. Everything is prepared, as we ourselves are prepared to appear in glory.

    Here, then, is our great God, the only God, the true and mighty God, the One who created the heavens and the earth. The God who alone does the impossible, even creating the impossible, so that he himself might resolve it. That God who despises not his creation, but even enters it in order to provide life. thus magnifying His power and His grace, this One who in the fullness of His revelation comes to be known to us as the God and Father of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, or even God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. By this one we are renewed in the image of God for blessing. It carries us into a Sabbath, a Sabbath which shall be never-ending for us as it is for God.

    We, too, have an ceased from all of our labors and having come to rest with you. Our Father, set again before us the uncommon things that rise before us from your revelation, that we with fresh eyes and with renewed hearts might through to all that our God is and all that he has done. May we not be content simply with the tried and true, if in fact such contentment would deprive us of the richness and the wealth of your word. So, Father, let us press on that we might see more perfectly, that we might see better Yes, for our own benefit, but for the benefit of others as well. Those wonderful, wonderful truths that are here for us. And may we be taught to live in light of what we have seen, that we would not depart from you or transgress your commandments as they are seen in your Son and in his keeping of your word.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • The Priority of History over Space

    The Priority of History over Space

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of the “Genesis 1-4” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, May 16, 1993.

    About this sermon

    The church has largely failed to see history’s priority over space in the creation account, a gap corrected here through biblical and covenant theology drawn from Exodus 13:8 and Colossians 3. Preaching itself must apply that same eschatological priority.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    First of all, Colossians chapter 3, Colossians chapter 3. My friend, you have been raised up with Christ, keeping the things above where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God. Set your mind on the things above, not on the things that are on earth. For you have died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. When Christ who is our life is revealed, then you also will be revealed with Him in glory.

    Therefore, consider the members of your earthly body as dead to immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and greed, which amounts to idolatry. For it is on account of these things that wrath of God will come. And in them you also once walked when you were living in them.

    But now you also put them all aside, anger, wrath, malice, slander, and abusive speech from your mouth. Do not lie to one another, since you have laid aside the old man with its practices, and have put on the new man who is being renewed to a true knowledge according to the image of the One who created him. A renewal in which there is no distinction between Greek and Jew, circumcised and uncircumcised, barbarians slave and free man, but Christ is all. those who have been chosen of God, holy and beloved, put on a new heart of compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness, and patience, bearing with one another and forgiving each other. Whoever has a complaint against anyone, just as the Lord forgave you, so also should you. And beyond all these things, put on love, which is the perfect bond of unity.

    And let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, to which indeed you were called in one body, and be thankful. Let the word of Christ richly dwell within you, with all wisdom, teaching, and admonishing, one another with psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with thankfulness in your hearts to God. And whatever you do in word or deed, in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks through him to God the Father. In Genesis 1 verse 1, in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Let’s go together now. Go together.

    Help us, O Lord, help us in all matters of worship. We do pray, Father, that you would help us in all matters of our lives, but presently we ask that you would assist us so that you would have our full attention. Oh Lord, only with us, with your spirit’s blessing, concentrate fully upon you and what you have to say to us. In this day in which your word has been preached, may your people be blessed and blessed wonderfully, and that through a faithful proclamation of that word which you have given to them. Truly, we are helped by your word. Our comfort, our whole comfort, our whole spoken of, clearly spoken of, We embracing that comfort and hope, our souls benefiting in leisure. Through us, Lord, for the sake of Christ, our Savior, in whose name we pray.

    We are coming to the end of our study of Genesis 1 through 4, and we are now embarking on the beginning of our summing up of things. Our study has been an uncommon one. Not that we have wished to avoid many of the debates that arise from consideration of these chapters, such as a detailed investigation of the issue of evolution, a subject that we did, as you recall, deal with, but not quite quickly. Now has been, then, an uncommon study of these chapters, one that has concentrated upon the literary questions and also upon the theological. As far as the literary questions are concerned, we have noted a clear division that occurs in this material.

    That division is noted and set before us in the early verses of chapter 2 in Genesis. so that the four chapters before us divide in the square. The first section is Genesis 1 verse 1 through chapter 2 verse 3. The second section then is set off for us by the opening of that fourth verse in the second chapter, which begins, This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created. So that the second section runs from that fourth verse in the second chapter to the conclusion of the fourth chapter. Now, although these two sections record along the way similar material, such as the creation of man and woman, We have concluded that they, in their distinctiveness, were not in any way contrary, but complementary. Each section presenting doctrine unique to that section. Each section then serves its own purpose. It serves a unique theological end. It is in keeping with a specific theological design.

    Thinking then about the doctrine underscored in the first section, Genesis 1, 1 through chapter 2, verse 3. We saw that this first section majors on the theme of time, and the categories that would be then historically conditioned. We have the opening of such in the beginning. The first consideration of Scripture, the lead thought in this section, pertains to time and to history. Chapter 2, verse 4, to the end of that fourth chapter, we see that the theme of time gives way to the theme of place. Set before us are the specifics with regard to place. Topography. But we’ll note the priority. that this theme of time and history matters, and how the theme of space and place is subordinated to that prior consideration. Who notes them? Who notes them?

    The references to time in Genesis 1.1.2.3.

    But those references are very specific. Even the opening of Genesis 1 is specific. There is a specificity underscored, as the beginning is mentioned. Remus Russo, reference to a particular day. the first day, the second, the third, and so on to the seventh. Once more, the specifics with regard to time underscored. But you will note that these specifics with regard to time in this opening section of Genesis give way to specifics with regard to space in the second section.

    So it is, time references, historical references in the second section become quite general and inexact. Section two then reverses the arrangement we found as things opened up for us in the beginning section. Section one, specific with regard to time, indefinite with regard to place. Then section two, quite definite with regard to place, but indefinite with regard to time. To them, the theme of section one is seen to have a priority over the theme of section two.

    That is, time, history, has priority in God’s word over place. In the way God has laid out the accounts of creation for us, time and history has priority over place. But what does God mean by such an arrangement? What’s the point of such an arrangement? The point is not that God creates time before he creates space or place.

    Rather, the point is that the history factor, the time factor, As it testifies to the ethical works of God, the ethical workings of God, His mighty acts, His mighty deeds, has a priority for the right understanding of His Word and that fellowship which He would have with His creatures.

    The point is that the history factor, the time factor, as it testifies to the ethical works and workings of God, his mighty deeds, his mighty acts, has a priority for the right understanding of God’s Word and a right understanding of that fellowship that he has with his preachers. Will the Church get it right? When will the Church take its cue from the way in which God has ordered His own Word? When will the Church itself accept The priority of the historical category.

    This arrangement by God, then, underscores the fact that the revelation about him and communion with him are given at the very first instance and historical frame. That is, the revelation about him and communion with him are conditioned by his own historical actions.

    I will be bold. not even his word. As he would give that word to us, we being time-bound preachers, stand apart from the historical setting over which he is sovereign, which he himself has established. And if we are to say that the heart of Section 2, Genesis 2-4 through 4.26, is place, and as we look at that consideration of place as it signals communion with God, Not even this communion with God stands apart from the historical setting which God in His sovereignty has established. Not even this communion with God stands apart from the mighty historical action of God.

    And why stress this with such fervency? Because there are tendencies within the people of God, within the Church of Jesus Christ, that carry us in other directions. The tendency to consider God’s Word as abstracted from His mighty historical action turns doctrine into method and philosophy, an exercise in the explanation of timeless and eternal principles. with which the Word of God is supreme, they are disinterested, disinterested. Secondly, the tendency to consider communion with God as abstracted from God’s mighty historical action turns Christian existence into mysticism, an exercise in the generation of religious ecstasy devoid of objective historical content.

    I have become an evangelist of biblical theology, and that’s not without reason. I am bound by Scripture and Scripture’s emphasis. If you want religious metaphysics, please find yourself another church. If you want a philosophy of ethics, please find yourself another church. As long as I’m here, you’re not going to get it from me. I have become an evangelist for biblical theology.

    It is biblical theology that has insisted, at least in its Reformed and Orthodox sense and formulation, it is biblical theology that has insisted upon the priority of history to topography. has seen that our reflection upon God and our interaction with Him are determined by God’s concrete historical action, His mighty deeds, His works. It is reformed and fortified in biblical theology with its appreciation for the historical nature of Scripture that has insisted that the Church see her life in and out of and against the background of God’s mighty historical acts. Christian living from this perspective is not so much, if ever, the application, a swear word in my vocabulary, the application of abstracted ethical categories, of religious ideas, or theological propositions to our lives. Instead, the proper Christian living is that living that is defined by God’s mighty historical action, as we come to see ourselves as participating in that action.

    First celebration of the Passover. We have one Lord speaking to Moses. As to what is to transpire in connection with the celebration of the Passover, verse 8, and you shall tell your son on that day, saying, It is because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt.” Now, that was in about 1400 B.C. What do you think the Jewish father said at about 600 B.C.? I tell you, he said the same thing. But the child may well object. Dad, you weren’t even there.

    How can you say this is what the Lord did for you when you came out of Egypt? You are a participant in the event. That is the fundamental level at which proper biblical living is to be understood. You are a participant in the event. The event defines your identity. And that forecasts in the conclusions of creation. And it defines your character. Because this event has taken place, this is how you live. Because you are a witness to that event, this is how you live. Do you understand now why I read Colossians 3 for you one more time? The opening of that chapter speaks about the history of Christ and your involvement in that history. When Christ died, you died. When Christ was raised, you were raised.

    It is the event you say. in which you have become a participant, and it is that event that defines for you now your identity and even establishes your character. This is also why the Covenant is so precious to those of us of Reformed conviction. Because it is the covenant that emphasizes participation.

    You are not a spectator to these things. You are a participant in them. You’re not standing on the sidelines doing all of this. You’re involved right in the middle of it. When you read the Bible, you’re reading a book about you. You’re in it. And at the same time, it catalogically defines. So then, covenant, so precious to us a Reformed conviction, emphasizes participation. Covenant does not emphasize the imported Greek notion of application. Do you hear it? Do you sense the difference? Do you see what the theory of application does?

    Here’s the event over here. Here’s the Word. You’re standing over here. What you must do is make that Word an event applicable to you where you live. Here’s the event in the Word, and you’re standing here, and the Word pulled you into it. God’s sovereignty over more underscored. If you insist on the application method, you will engage in some form of self-preservation.

    It’s my life and my time on my terms, and God must accommodate himself to me. But the emphasis now upon the historical as it is set forth in the opening verse of Genesis 1 also sets before us the parameters of that historical consideration. but also the manifest. God’s sovereign over those, that beginning and the end. As the creation in progress day by day to its appointed end in the Sabbath, so the wide-angle lens of God’s revelation sets us within the context of time moving from creation to consummation.

    The historical novel takes priority. But with it, there is also the priority, and that, by necessity, of the technological This historical process, this historical reality is not open-ended. It is not interminable. It has a conclusion, an ending. And that end is broadcast in the conclusion of creation’s first week. So as that week ended with its Sabbath, so the history of the world in its entirety ends in the consummate Sabbath.

    The historical then takes priority, but with this priority, There comes, by the nature of the case, the eschatological. The end is brought into view. So that the entirety of the historical cannot be understood apart from the eschatological that asserts itself in history. You will not understand time unless you grasp the end of the time, back to which time is needed, history. It’s moving. We are then, by nature, we being creatures, we being limited, time-bound historical beings, and at the same time, eschatologically defined.

    That’s what the first question and answer of the Catechism are all about. What is the chief end of man? That’s an eschatological question. Man’s chief end is to glorify God and enjoy Him for ever. The marvel of the Gospel, as surely is spelled out for you in Colossians chapter 3, is that despite our sin, Our monumental unworthiness.

    God who preserves history and our eschatological glory. And in the fullness of time, he sends his son for the purpose of summing up all the ages. and granting to us a new beginning in a new creation in the Spirit, who already confers upon us in preliminary form that marvel, that marvel of our end, that marvel of that glory reserved for us unto the day in which we will be filled in the age to come.

    Let’s pray. Save us, our God, from even those well-intentioned souls who would set before us the stumbling block so that we would not understand the force, power, and direction of your word, Lord. May we understand, then, Lord, that your word comes to us, even that communion that we cherish comes to us within the context of that historical framework which you have established over which we are sovereign. In this, Lord, may we then give priority to the mighty acts of our God, and see that your mighty acts even take precedent over our ideas.

    So mold and shape us then by your sovereign power. And these acts that you have performed, which now because of sin speak to us of redemption. O Father, may we understand that our salvation means that we are participants in these mighty deeds. That these wonderful acts are constitutive for us. that they define us and that they establish our character. You are blessed, you are living, you are active, and we are yours.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • Calling on the Name of the Lord

    Calling on the Name of the Lord

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of the “Genesis 1-4” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, May 9, 1993.

    About this sermon

    The consequences of the fall play out fully across Genesis 4, with God’s deliberate absence from man’s evil ways establishing faith as our only real access to him. Seth’s calling on the name of the Lord marks a real turn, one Joel later echoes for the whole world.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    Chapter 2, we are beginning with verse 18. Let’s read the word of God. Then the Lord will be zealous for his land and will have pity on his people. And the Lord will answer and say to his people, Behold, I am going to send you grain, new wine and oil, and you will be satisfied and full with them, and I will never again make you a reproach among the nations. But I will remove the northern army far from you, and I will drive it into a parched and desolate land and its vanguard into the eastern sea. and its rear guard into the Western Sea, and its stench will arise and its foul smell will come up, for it has done great things.

    Do not fear, O land, rejoice and be glad, for the Lord has done great things. Do not fear, beasts of the field, for the pastures of the wilderness have turned green, for the tree has borne its fruit. The fig tree and the vine have yielded in full. So rejoice, O sons of Zion, and be glad in the Lord your God, for He has given you the early rain for your vindication.

    And He has poured down for you the rain, the early and latter rain as before, and the threshing floors will be full of grain and the vats will overflow with the new wine and oil. Then I will make up to you for the years that the swarming locusts have eaten, the creeping locusts, the stripping locusts, and the gnawing locusts, my great army which I sent among you. And you shall have plenty to eat and be satisfied, and praise the name of the Lord your God who has dealt wondrously with you.

    Then my people will never be put to shame. Thus you will know that I am in the midst of Israel and that I am the Lord your God and there is no other, and my people will never be put to shame. And it will come about after this that I will pour out my Spirit on all mankind, and your sons and daughters will prophesy, your old men will dream dreams, your young men will see visions. And even on the male and female servants I will pour out my spirit in those days, and I will display wonders in the sky and on the earth.

    Blood, fire and columns of smoke, the sun will be turned into darkness and the moon into blood before the great and awesome day of the Lord. And it will come about that whoever calls on the name of the Lord will be delivered. For on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there will be those who escape, as the Lord has said, even among the survivors whom the Lord calls.” I’m returning to Genesis 4, verses 25 and 26. And Adam knew his wife again, and she gave birth to a son and named him Seth, for she said, God has appointed me another offspring in the place of Abel, for Cain killed him. And to Seth, to him also a son was born, and he called his name Enosh. Then men began to call on the name of the Lord.”

    Our Father, You are our help and our strength. Though the world be a dark place, You are our light. Even now you shine upon us with the radiance of your salvation. May we be pleased to walk with contentment in the light of the Lord. And Father, may we be then a people of light. May darkness not be found in us. And to this end, Lord, may we be gracious and kind and merciful and even place others before ourselves.

    We ask, Lord, that you would hear us as we would give our full attention to your word. In Jesus’ name, amen. This very matter of the presence of the Lord that is raised for us here, very strikingly in Genesis 4, and particularly the sixteenth verse of that chapter, is indeed a further comment because, after all, this matter, the presence of the Lord, is the theme of this great portion of Scripture.

    We have already commented on the parallel that exists between Genesis 4.16 and what we read at the conclusion of the third chapter of Genesis.

    We marked out the parallel between these sections, making comment upon the common experience that overshadows the apparent common experience that overshadows Adam and Eve on the one hand and Cain on the other. Adam and Eve, together with Cain, experience exile. Cain’s exile is specifically described as an exile from the presence of the Lord. Adam and Eve’s exile is described specifically as an exile from the Garden and from the Tree of Life. We concluded from our observations with regard to this parallel that the exile undergone by Adam and Eve from the Tree of Life is therefore representative of an exile from the presence of God.

    But this is not explicitly stated in the text. We’ll add to the veil that conceals the presence of God in the very tree that is in view. But this veil, when taken away will reveal the meaning of that tree in the paradise of God, where we who believe will delight in the fullness of that fruition that is found in God alone. So then, in a true, very true sense, Adam and Eve, being driven from that tree of life, are removed from the presence of God. communion and fellowship with God is then in a real and direct sense fractured. But the exile of Adam and Eve will prove to be more serious than denial of the vision of that tree of life.

    The effect of that exile registers gradually as you move through the record given us in Genesis 4. As you move through that record, the noose of the fall and its curse increasingly tightens around the neck of humanity. even that portion of humanity that belongs to the line of God’s covenantal election, so that they feel the effects, and that severity.

    Genesis 4 is meant to be horrifying. We are not to read this portion of Scripture classically. Genesis 4 is deliberately constructed in order to strike terror into the hearts of all those who read it and hear it. It is constructed so as to confront humanity, to confront all those who would read it and hear it, with the unmistakable consequences of the fall. The text itself builds towards desperation. You read the last line of Genesis 4, and if you cannot and do not perceive the note of desperation in that line, you have not understood what you have read.

    Then men began to call on the name of the Lord. I understand how that text has been ordinarily treated. It has been treated along the lines of organized worship, as if here we have the beginnings of organized worship. No, that cannot be true, because it seems that with the offerings of Cain and Abel, there was some form of organization with respect to the worship offered to God. So if that is not its intention, then what is its intention?

    Its intention is made plain against the background of what you read with respect to the lineage of Cain and the violence that erupts in that line, and specifically in the figure of Lambert. One then is compelled to understand this text in light of the desperate situation that exists. The violence that is described here is so pervasive, so thoroughly horrifying, that now men are driven to call upon the name of the Lord as their only source of deliverance and salvation. Genesis 4, then, is meant to be horrifying. It is deliberately constructed in order to strike terror into the hearts of all who hear it and read it. It builds towards desperation.

    Now, you might miss it, because the Bible is rarely, if ever, melodramatic. But take into consideration the movement of the chapter, as if with the liberation befits the receiving of God. He is one who must be called upon now, because he isn’t apparently there. He isn’t visibly present. This chapter then depicts the receding of God, the receding of the Lord. He recedes from view, and the corollary enveloping of all into the gaping vacuum of God’s visible us. As things begin in the fourth chapter, we might not think that things are any too different than they were before.

    God had made his occasional visits to Adam and Eve in the garden, and from the opening of the fourth chapter, it seems that he is still making occasional visits. Not to the garden, of course. But to his creatures outside the garden he comes obviously to Cain and Abel to converse with them, indicating by some means acceptance of one offering and the rejection of another, and then his interviews with Cain. God had made occasional visits to the garden. Those visits to the garden were a token to our first parents of a communion and fellowship with him. Now, after the fall, even though this family is outside of the garden, these continual visits or occasional visits continue.

    When we read of Eve and the birth of her children. We know that Eve, because of God’s curse now, has herself been cursed in childbirth. That curse speaks about pain, but we hear nothing about the pain in Eve’s deliveries. Neither do we hear anything about the curse’s impact upon the work this family performs in the world.

    The work in the field, the work with the herds. In some ways, then, it sounds as if things are continuing as they were. But incrementally, then, step by step, the descent is described for us, just in those interviews between the Lord and Cain. The Lord, in those interviews, concentrating upon the reality of evil, it’s not just a possibility now, it is a reality, that threatens Cain’s soul. This brings out the seriousness of the situation, followed by the crime, murder. the Lord’s subsequent visit and the interrogation of Cain and after that the pronouncement of sentence and Cain’s exile. We must read this exile, this exile of Cain as a reality, as much a reality as the exile locally, geographically from the garden and that tree of life mentioned in Genesis 3, and see the nature of the reality of that exile in terms of an alienation. For both now the exile in Genesis 3 and that in Genesis 4 are speaking about an alienation that comes about between God and his creature.

    Cain lies beyond the edge, beyond the edge of gaining back what has been lost, left to himself, just as his parents were placed beyond the edge, incapable of gaining back what had been lost, left to themselves. Cain cannot recoup with no hope of recouping what access he had any more than his parents can hope to recoup that access to the tree left to themselves.

    Such access now is portrayed as infinitely and absolutely impossible. And this accented by the disappearance of the Lord from the narrative. The Lord recedes then, he is no longer visibly present. His visitations will become exceedingly rare. and most deliberate when in fact he chooses to reveal himself in the world and to his own. But now by such action on the part of God, by this deliberate receding on his part, the Lord is making it evident But if there is to be access to him in the current situation, it can only be in terms of his invisibility, not in terms of his visibility.

    And therefore, the only way to have access to him is in terms of faith. of faith. There is no other way. The need for faith is not then merely accented, it is demanded. It is absolutely indispensable. And God’s presence, the presence of the Lord, is itself made a reality only to those who believe. There will be a presence of the Lord that continues, then, for those who would call upon the Lord in faith. But this presence of the Lord is a reality that is accessible only through faith. But what trial of faith belongs to those who are brought to faith? Genesis 4 speaks volumes. What trial of faith belongs to those who have faith?

    It is as if now all of culture develops with no regard to them whatsoever. Do you follow the line as you go down through the listing of Cain’s descendants? The world develops in such a way as to take them into consideration, not one whit. Culture itself develops in ways, it seems, that exclude them and exclude their God.

    And with the development of this culture comes the increase of pride and violence. And who are the victims of this pride and violence but those who would place their trust in God. On the other side, the pride and the violence are perpetrated from those for whom the Lord’s presence has become a supreme matter of indifference. And the supposed threat from the Lord with respect to judgment is one grand joke. Do you read Lennox’s song, How He Mocks the Lord? Verse 24, If Cain is avenged sevenfold, then Lennox seventy-sevenfold.

    The measurements of faith in the face of such threats is not just difficult. It is impossible. Do you realize the nature of the struggle that is going on in you day by day? As day by day there is set before you the record of violence, hostility, indifference, monumental pride, That you are maintained in faith is not to your credit, as if you were performing within yourself a difficult task.

    That faith is maintained in you is to the Lord’s credit, that your boast may be of Him. That you believe at all in the faith of such things is a credit to the Lord, for left to yourself the maintenance of such things is utterly impossible. for the purpose of preserving his presence and testimony to it, thus in such ways that are accessible only by faith, sets about to work in you in this sin-cursed found world.

    His action restores you, revives hope, His action works faith in you. He has not done the power in Eve’s body that conceives Seth. It is the power of God that works in her so as to revive hope in the midst of despair. It will be the Lord’s work in His people that keeps alive the memory of His name. they called upon the name of the Lord, so focusing the faith of that people that would be the Lord’s.

    And this faith, what of it? Its grand supernatural power, credited to God, not to the believer. This faith is such that it grasps hold of God’s hidden presence as its lone security. And though desperate and feeling the pressure of the violence worse in the world, confident and calling out to the only one who can rescue, those who turn to the Lord for help.

    In such faith the Lord is pleased, he recognizing his own work in those who believe. The Lord is pleased this one who is the God of the impossible, to bring you at last to perfect security and into his perpetual eternal presence. Seth becomes a forecast The calling upon the name of the Lord will be picked up again in prophetic literature, become a motto in Joel’s prophecy, caught hold of by the New Testament revelation, made full and complete in that one to whom Seth pointed, Jesus Christ. The wonderful words are spoken again with all force and power. He who calls upon the name of the Lord shall be saved. Draw us back, Lord, to Yourself and to the certainty of Your presence with us, accessible to us by faith, sealed to us by the work of Christ and no less by the workings of Your Spirit, that we with boldness may declare that we have called upon the name of the Lord and we shall be saved even in the midst of this barren, sin-cursed world in which violence multiplies and pride increases.

    O Lord, you are the one who works the impossible, where he must stay, but also deliverance and a restoration to that which was impossible for us to gain, namely the wonders and fullness of your presence. We glory in our Savior, who is now himself called the Lord, and we have called upon you in calling upon him.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.

  • Earthly Institutions Are Not Eternal

    Earthly Institutions Are Not Eternal

    This sermon is from the Rev. Charles G. Dennison sermon archive, part of the “Genesis 1-4” series, and was preached at Grace Orthodox Presbyterian Church in Sewickley, PA, during a worship service on Sunday, April 25, 1993.

    About this sermon

    God separates earthly institutions from heavenly ones, and the family belongs to the earthly side. None of them is eternal, so none of them may become an idol, however good it is in its place.

    More sermons from Genesis · Browse all sermons

    Sermon transcript

    Chapter four, Genesis chapter four. We are beginning at verse sixteen. Let us hear the word of God. Then Cain went out from the presence of the Lord and settled in the land of Nod, east of And Cain knew his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Enoch, and he built a city, and called the name of the city Enoch after the name of his son.

    Now to Enoch was born Irad, and Irad became the father of Mehujel, and Mehujel became the father of Methuselah, and Methuselah became the father of Lamech. And Lamech took to himself two wives. The name of the one was Ada, in the name of the other, Zilla.

    And Ada gave birth to Jabal. He was the father of those who dwell in tents and have livestock. And his brother’s name was Jubal. He was the father of all those who play the lyre and pipe. As for Zilla, she also gave birth to Tubalcain, forger of all implements of bronze and iron. And the sister of Tubalcain was Man. And Lamech said to his wives, Ada and Zillah, listen to my voice, you wives of Lamech, you heed to my speech, for I have killed a man for wounding me and a boy for striking me. If Cain is then sevenfold, then Lamech seventy-sevenfold.”

    Lord take hold of our hearts so as to convince us of the union that we have with those who call upon you in every place throughout the earth and even presently Lord There are many who suffer for the sake of Christ. And Lord, though we may consider our circumstances to be difficult for various reasons, we know that their circumstances are even more difficult.

    But Lord, give us that heart, then, by which we would be willing to place ourselves with them in their predicament. so as to be a help to them. Lord, it is not an easy matter to confess Christ in Japan. We pray, Lord, for the Cummings family. We pray, our God, that you will bless the testimony of your church in that land. May we participate in the proclamation of the gospel there through our prayers. but also through our gifts. And as with Japan, so with other places that we are aware of. That we might, in fact, prove ourselves to be your children, who are concerned about your family throughout the world. We pray this in Jesus’ name. Amen.

    Now, these verses that we have read this evening will play out the significance for us of the fall, and they will most specifically play out the significance of those events that have transpired with respect to Cain himself. Consequences of that sixteenth verse, as Cain is driven out from the presence of the Lord settled in the land of Nod, that is, the land of wandering east of Eden. Indeed, matters pertaining to his line will play themselves out in full by the time we reach the end of this chapter. Surely then, in these verses, we are witnessing the decline of the race, we are witnessing the consequences of sin, We are witnessing the testimony the word gives us to the corruption that overtakes civilization, that overtakes culture. At the same time, we are aware of this, and this text impresses the magnitude of sin upon us. We have noted that these verses as well give testimony to us of God’s common grace, of common grace, whereby even this apostate race, this apostate race of Cain, is visited with a mercy that preserves for it its life within this world.

    Cain’s descendants then participate in the many institutions that have their origin in God. have their origin in God and his creative work. These descendants then participate in those many institutions that belong to the order of this creation, and do so in such a way that not only are they benefited by these institutions, but they themselves bring benefit to these institutions and enterprises, and even give rise to the progress of these institutions and enterprises. Thus it is with respect to the institutions of marriage and the home, marriage and the family. We have seen how these institutions are playing themselves out in the line of Cain. Yes, indeed, they will be corrupted and infect even these institutions as These institutions are affected by Cain and his descendants. Nevertheless, these institutions are given to us here in testimony of the involvement of Cain’s line, but also a testimony of God’s continuing grace. As it is with regard to marriage and the home and family, so it also is with regard to the and government.

    All of these institutions mentioned are common institutions in which mankind is visited by God’s grace, in which we are able to see God’s goodness to all, and even the contribution, through God’s common grace, that unbelieving men and women are able to make in these spheres As Christians, then, we need not scoff at the insights and efforts of every social science scientist, every psychologist, every political analyst. I am sure that if we are honest with ourselves, we, being Christians, have our own favorite non-Christian columnists, commentators, public spokespersons with respect to The affairs of life, politicians, there are those we like, there are those we don’t like. There are those we support, there are those we don’t support. Still, while we are helped by thoughts and labors from non-Christians, from non-believers, from those who are in fact apostates, While we are helped by these, and that because of God’s common grace, we must not lose sight of the central truths.

    For instance, marriage and the home, marriage and the family, as rich a blessing as these are in the realm of God’s common grace, and as much as we are to bless God for these institutions, and as much as we are to work to protect them and to honor God in them, remembering that God makes specific commands with respect to them, which we as His people are to obey, still marriage and the family, marriage and the home as such, are not eternal.

    These institutions belong to the order of this creation. They are not as such determined. In Matthew chapter twenty-two, verse thirty, Jesus makes this claim. He is dealing with the Sadducees. Sadducees wish to make fun of the doctrine of the resurrection of the dead, and they propose a preposterous suggestion to Jesus, to which Jesus responds that they know neither the scriptures nor the power of God. Do you not understand that in the resurrection, says Jesus, They neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like the angels in heaven.”

    So whatever estimations we may give to family life here, let us give proper respect to the institution of the family and to marriage here, that in keeping with the command of God. Let us not go beyond the boundaries of the word with respect to these matters.

    Remember also the Apostle Paul in 1 Corinthians chapter 7. He is very bold. He holds out his single stake. That’s not Mary. He holds out his single stake as something of an ideal. and indication that in the day of the dawning of the kingdom of God, in which he lives, in which we live, marriage does not have the pride of place that it once had.

    As it is with regard to marriage, so also with regard to the family as a whole. Does not Jesus make this claim? Jesus speaks about how natural family ties are transcended by the interest of the Kingdom of Heaven. There are greater interests and greater loyalties. In fact, Jesus says that he has come for the express purpose of, can you believe it, ripping apart the family. I did not come to bring peace, but a sword,” he says.

    And in fulfillment of prophecy, specifically Micah 7.6, Jesus says that he has come to set a man against his father, a daughter against her mother, a mother-in-law against her daughter-in-law. He goes on to say that a man’s enemies will be the members of his own household, Matthew 10, verses 35 and 36. And stating the matter in even more extreme terms, Jesus says this, if anyone comes to me and does not take his own father and mother and wife and children and brothers and sisters, yet, and even his own wife, he cannot be my disciple. Luke 14, 26.

    So much for Jesus’ family values platform. Now, do you understand your Lord at this point? Marriage and family, by all means, are to be appreciated, and we do appreciate them and honor them in their respective places within the scheme of God’s creation. and in keeping with God’s intentions. We are to make our contributions to the well-being of these institutions. We are to honor God’s commandments about them. We are even to respect the opinions of non-Christians when those opinions are particularly helpful in the sphere of common grace. But we are to remember that marriage and the family are not eternal. Therefore, we are bound to resist those efforts and philosophies that treat them as if they are eternal. In their worst form. There is generation of these institutions, which becomes a way by which the demands of the kingdom of God are blunted, if not blotted out.

    For the sake of my family, I will choose a particular course of action, and in that, I will compromise my faith and my conviction. I don’t know how many times I’ve been told in my visitations, my people who have moved into this area, I can’t come to your church because my children don’t want to go there. Even though these parents know that the truth is preached here. And where do they end up? in a large, mainline, liberal congregation. There are parents who allow their devotion to Jesus Christ to be affected by their children. There are children who are put in difficult straits because their parents don’t share their faith.

    Demands being made upon them by the gospel set them at odds even with their parents. There is then that worst seen scenario in which the veneration of the family, the veneration of marriage, Respect for the spouse that means, no, I can’t serve the Lord, and I won’t cross a certain line because I’m liable to invoke the wrath of my spouse. I will not obey Christ. Generation of family and marriage becomes a way in which the demands of the kingdom are blunted, if not blotted out. There are even some cases in which such generation is nothing but idolatry.

    But what we have said now about marriage and family, we may also say about the body politic, about the city and its structure. Spain builds a city, we are told that in Genesis 4. It may be the occasion for the evil in this man to express itself, but that does not make the city itself, even if we call it the city of man and its political structures, essentially evil. The city and its political structures serve positive ends. or even viewed positively in portions of Scripture. But again, as it was with regard to the family and marriage, so also with the state and with politics.

    We cannot ascribe to these institutions eternality. It may well be we work in the city. It may well be we work for the city. Maybe that we work in politics, that as a legitimate calling and pursuit. We do not give ourselves to these institutions as those who believe in the perfectibility or the eternality of that city or its political definition.

    For we are those who hear the Apostle Paul speak in Galatians 4.25 of a city above, an eternal city. We hear the writer to the Hebrews speak about the city of the living God that transcends every city of this creation.

    We remember Jesus face to face with a politician from his day, saying to that man, My kingdom is not of this world. The kingdom of which Jesus spoke on that day, in my estimation, is the fulfillment of Mother Kineser’s dream in Daniel 4. The interpretation of which is given by Daniel to the king. The great stone destroys the idol, or the statue, grows into a great mountain. The kingdom, in fact, as Daniel interprets it, that shall endure forever, that shall be everlasting. Indeed, the city of God, including within it that kingdom there described.

    Now, with respect to this whole matter, of the city of man and the political structures. I know that Rush Limbaugh has captured the minds and hearts of many Christians throughout this nation. Rush Limbaugh is a very clever and entertaining man. But be careful about the adulation you give him or the adulation that may in fact be directed toward him. Or in my review of Mr. Limbaugh, it seems to me that he speaks as if there were but one reality, and that reality is societal and political, as if there is no other reality. In other words, all that exists and all that there ever will exist is the city of man, and that simply is not true. We must not be seduced by the world, even as the world is visited itself by God’s common grace and institutions that are born of God’s common grace. We are not to be seduced by that world lest we lose sight of what is given us by God’s saving grace.

    As much as we want strong marriages and strong homes, Much as we want a just and law-abiding society, we must not sell out to the idea of the eternality and supreme value of these institutions. We have to prove our love for God in working for the good of these institutions, to be sure, but we are not to sacrifice The demands made upon us by the Kingdom of Christ in the process. We must keep our reverence for earthly marriage in check, lest it rivals, if not supplants, our devotion to the great marriage feast of the Lamb. We must keep in check our reverence for the institution of the earthly family, lest it rivals, if not supplants, our devotion to the family of God. We must keep in check our reverence for the institution of the state, the city of man. It must rival, if not supplant, our devotion to the city of God.

    Let us pray. Our Father in heaven, we bless you for the wonderful things you have given to us and to all men. To all mankind, you have given wonderful gifts, family, marriage, even the state, government, politics. We are asking you for the right frame of mind that begins with our understanding that these institutions are not eternal. They belong to the fabric of this creation. They themselves can be transcended. They themselves pointing to things greater than themselves.

    We are praying, our Lord, that our hearts may be molded aright by your word, that the Spirit of the living God may live in us. And as we enjoy our marriages and our homes and as we enjoy even the nation in which we live and the government that you have given to us, we pray that we would never be blinded blinded by the deception that comes upon the people of this world, who are liable to put all of their interest in the matters that pertain to this creation. Our God, give us hearts that are willing to receive what is a testimony of your common grace, even from those who are not of your At the same time, our father. And we be certain about the ministry of your special grace, your redeeming grace.

    And which we have been brought into by which we have been brought into an eternal habitation. The city of God. Which is above. Help us then our father to sort out the matters of our lives day by day. even in things like the Daily Newspaper and the Evening News. Help us, Father, that we, without confusion, may sort through these matters that come at us from all directions. To the end, Lord, that we may glorify You, but also that we might be of help to others that are overcome by confusion. strengthen us then Lord with the stability that comes to us only from you and from the city of God.

    The sermon text provided above is derived from the sermon audio recording making use of generative tools. It has not been manually edited. While transcription tools have a high degree of accuracy, the output may include generative textual, punctuation, and/or formatting errors.